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Carbohydrates

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The largest class of organic compounds, including STARCH; GLYCOGEN; CELLULOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES; and simple MONOSACCHARIDES. Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of Cn(H2O)n.

Also Known As:

Sugars

Networked: 3373 relevant articles (78 outcomes, 285 trials/studies) for this Bio-Agent, Comments

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Astrup, Arne: 8 articles (12/2011 - 01/2002)
2.	Willett, Walter C: 7 articles (05/2011 - 03/2002)
3.	Fukuda, Minoru: 6 articles (09/2011 - 10/2002)
4.	Hu, Frank B: 6 articles (05/2011 - 09/2005)
5.	La Vecchia, C: 6 articles (08/2009 - 02/2001)
6.	Ohyama, Chikara: 5 articles (06/2009 - 10/2002)
7.	Liu, Simin: 5 articles (11/2007 - 03/2002)
8.	Brand-Miller, Jennie: 4 articles (02/2012 - 02/2005)
9.	Nakayama, Jun: 4 articles (09/2011 - 10/2005)
10.	Krauss, Ronald M: 4 articles (04/2011 - 05/2008)

Related Diseases

1.	Weight Loss (Weight Reduction) 01/01/2003 - "Diets with a reduced ratio of carbohydrates/protein are reported to be beneficial for weight loss, although diet studies appear to lack a fundamental hypothesis to support higher protein intakes. " 11/01/2010 - "Two types of relatively high-protein diets, with a normal or low proportion of carbohydrates, have been shown effective for weight loss. " 12/01/2004 - "Evidence is accumulating that diets with reduced carbohydrates and increased levels of high quality protein are effective for weight loss. " 10/25/2004 - "Compared with the NCEP diet, the MLC diet, which is lower in total carbohydrates but higher in complex carbohydrates, protein, and monounsaturated fat, caused significantly greater weight loss over 12 weeks. " 03/01/2009 - "Diets with increased protein and reduced carbohydrates (PRO) are effective for weight loss, but the long-term effect on maintenance is unknown. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Body Weight (Weight, Body) 03/01/2011 - "The present article reviews the conclusions from recent reviews and meta-analyses on the effects of different starches and sugars on body weight management and metabolic disturbances, and provides an update of the most recent studies on this topic. " 03/01/2009 - "We conclude that (i) there is insufficient evidence that an exchange of sugar for non-sugar carbohydrates in the context of a reduced-fat ad libitum diet or energy-restricted diet results in lower body weights; (ii) observational studies suggest a possible relationship between consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and body weight, but there is currently insufficient supporting evidence from randomized controlled trials of sufficient size and duration; (iii) at this moment there is insufficient evidence to support a difference between liquid and solid sugar intake in body-weight control and (iv) there is some, although not consistent, evidence for a lower body weight on diets with a lower GL, but the effect is likely to be small. " 12/01/2012 - "The review comprises a part dealing with the effects of diets having low or high carbohydrate content on body weight reduction, and a part in which the amount and the quality of carbohydrates are discussed in relation to isoenergetic diets. " 01/01/2012 - "Body weight gain was reduced in all pair-fed experimental groups as compared to rats fed the control diet, with more pronounced effect in rats on LC-HF diets than on the high fat diet with carbohydrates. " 12/09/2011 - "As a consequence, L-Pex5(-/-) mice combust more carbohydrates resulting in lower body weights despite increased food intake. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2001 - "Recently, transfection of genes encoding various glysosyltransferases gene in sense and antisense orientation helped to bring direct evidence that changes in cell surface carbohydrates are important for the metastatic behavior of tumor cells. " 09/01/1983 - "A number of simple sugars have been tested and found to be effective in blocking lysis of YAC-1 tumor target cells by nonimmune murine natural killer (NK) effector cells. " 01/01/2012 - "Sugars in diet and risk of cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study." 08/01/2011 - "This study combines metabolic oligosaccharide engineering (MOE), a technology where the glycocalyx of living cells is endowed with chemical features not normally found in sugars, with custom-designed three-dimensional biomaterial substrates to enhance the adhesion of cancer cells and control their morphology and gene expression. " 06/19/2009 - "Although there are numerous reports of carbohydrates enriched in cancer cells, very few studies have addressed the functions of carbohydrates present in normal cells that decrease in cancer cells. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Obesity 01/01/2006 - "2. Dietary treatment consisting in the lowering of energetic value of the diet through the reduction of fat consumption and quantity and quality changes with respect to carbohydrates consumption decreased the children's obesity, and was more effective in the older age group (7-15 yrs). " 01/01/2013 - "Most studies using a hypercaloric diet to induce obesity have focused on the metabolism of fat and carbohydrates. " 12/01/2010 - "The health effects of added sugars have received much attention, but few studies have examined the association between foods that naturally contain sugar, such as 100% fruit juice, and risk of obesity and related conditions. " 12/01/2001 - "The results of previous studies suggest that de novo lipogenesis may play an important role in the etiology of obesity, particularly during overconsumption of different carbohydrates. " 01/01/1969 - "[Studies on carbohydrates disorders in obesity]." Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Overweight 04/01/2009 - "Frozen vegetables contributed significantly greater amounts of calories, carbohydrates, fat, and protein and meat supplied significantly more fat and protein in households with overweight fathers than in households with healthy weight fathers. " 01/01/2006 - "A diet based on restricting carbohydrates leads to spontaneous caloric reduction and subsequent improvement in emerging markers of CVD in overweight/obese men who are otherwise healthy." 04/01/2012 - "This study investigated the effect of mixed breakfast meals containing high GI (HGI) or low GI (LGI) carbohydrates on metabolic responses and fat oxidation during rest and exercise in overweight (OW) and non-overweight (NO) adolescent girls. " 10/01/2008 - "We assessed the effect of CrPic in modulating food intake in healthy, overweight, adult women who reported craving carbohydrates (Study 1) and performed confirmatory studies in Sprague-Dawley rats (Study 2). " 04/01/2008 - "However, because of a lack of data from interventional studies, there is uncertainty about the optimal macronutrient composition of the diet (carbohydrates, fat, protein) and meal distribution, as well as of the mode of calorie restriction in overweight and obese women with GDM. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Insulin (Novolin)
2.	Glucose (Dextrose)
3.	Lipids
4.	Fats
5.	Cholesterol
6.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
7.	Glycoproteins (Glycoprotein)
8.	Monounsaturated Fatty Acids
9.	LDL Cholesterol
10.	Dietary Proteins

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Radioimmunotherapy
2.	Hepatectomy
3.	Fat-Restricted Diet (Diet, Fat Restricted)
4.	Fluid Therapy (Oral Rehydration Therapy)
5.	Carbohydrate-Restricted Diet (Low Carbohydrate Diet)

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