Intraabdominal Infections

Infection within the PERITONEAL CAVITY. A frequent cause is an ANASTOMOTIC LEAK following surgery.

Also Known As:

Intra-Abdominal Infections; Infection, Intra-Abdominal; Infection, Intraabdominal; Infections, Intra-Abdominal; Infections, Intraabdominal; Intra Abdominal Infections; Intra-Abdominal Infection; Intraabdominal Infection

Networked: 1653 relevant articles (173 outcomes, 379 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Infections: 526564
- Intraabdominal Infections: 1653

Related Diseases

1.	Infections
2.	Urinary Tract Infections (Urinary Tract Infection)
3.	Sepsis (Septicemia)
4.	Pneumonia (Pneumonitis)
5.	Peritonitis

Experts

1.	Hoban, Daryl J: 21 articles (01/2018 - 02/2005)
2.	Sawyer, Robert G: 20 articles (05/2018 - 01/2002)
3.	Hsueh, Po-Ren: 18 articles (06/2022 - 07/2006)
4.	Bassetti, Matteo: 17 articles (09/2022 - 07/2013)
5.	Badal, Robert E: 17 articles (06/2016 - 08/2009)
6.	Karlowsky, James A: 15 articles (04/2022 - 01/2007)
7.	Mazuski, John E: 15 articles (12/2021 - 01/2002)
8.	Nicolau, David P: 15 articles (12/2020 - 08/2005)
9.	Catena, Fausto: 15 articles (10/2020 - 04/2011)
10.	Sartelli, Massimo: 15 articles (10/2020 - 03/2010)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Intraabdominal Infections:

1.	Metronidazole (Metric)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2023 - "This observational study demonstrated that TAZ/CTLZ in combination with metronidazole has a favorable effect without major drug-related adverse events for intraabdominal infection in the hepato-biliary-pancreatic field in clinical practice although the efficacy of TAZ/CTLZ may decrease in compromised patients." 09/01/2021 - "Metronidazole is commonly prescribed for intra-abdominal infections. " 01/01/2020 - "Metronidazole is frequently used off-label in infants with complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI) to provide coverage against anaerobic organisms, but its safety and efficacy in this indication are unknown. " 01/01/2020 - "Safety of Metronidazole in Late Pre-term and Term Infants with Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections." 01/01/2014 - "We examined the relationship between metronidazole exposure and urinary I-FABP concentrations in premature infants with suspected intra-abdominal infection. "
2.	Tigecycline (Tygacil)FDA Link 10/01/2008 - "This combined analysis demonstrates that tigecycline is safe and effective for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections, and reflects the findings of the global population." 08/01/2006 - "Tigecycline has demonstrated promising results in initial in vitro and clinical studies for SSSIs and complicated intraabdominal infections; however, further clinical experience will clarify its role as a broad-spectrum agent." 07/01/2009 - "Tigecycline: a new treatment option for intra-abdominal infections." 07/01/2013 - "Efficacy of tigecycline for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections in real-life clinical practice from five European observational studies." 12/01/2007 - "Tigecycline lacks activity in vitro against Pseudomonas and Proteus spp. In randomized clinical trials, tigecycline administered intravenously twice daily has demonstrated efficacy similar to comparators for a variety of complicated skin and skin structure and complicated intra-abdominal infections. "
3.	Tazobactam Drug Combination Piperacillin (Zosyn)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/1994 - "Results of these clinical trials and others have shown that piperacillin/tazobactam is a safe and effective alternative to either combination or monotherapy for intra-abdominal infections." 12/01/1992 - "Results of the present study show that piperacillin-tazobactam is effective and safe for the treatment of intra-abdominal infections." 01/01/1994 - "These results support the findings of the efficacy of piperacillin/tazobactam in treating intraabdominal infections in human clinical trials." 05/01/1995 - "In this limited series of 23 patients suffering from severe or life-threatening intra-abdominal infection, piperacillin + tazobactam, together with adequate surgical drainage and resections, cured 78% of our patients and eradicated almost all the pathogens. " 01/01/1994 - "Efficacy of piperacillin/tazobactam in the treatment of experimental intra-abdominal infections."
4.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 01/01/2005 - "During the last years we observed a significant decrease of the mortality following the intra-abdominal infections thanks the improvement of surgical techniques and because of the improved approach of antibiotic treatments. " 06/01/1988 - "It possesses many of the characteristics of antibiotics that are useful for the treatment of intra-abdominal infections. " 01/01/1992 - "Efficacy of two comparative antibiotic regimens in the treatment of serious intra-abdominal infections: results of a multicenter study." 01/01/2023 - "In this study, we aimed to investigate the results of intraoperative culture and antibiogram in children who underwent surgery with the diagnosis of community-acquired intraabdominal infections (CA-IAIs) to determine the causative microorganisms and antibiotic susceptibility of the bacterial agents. " 11/01/2022 - "This study aims to know if one of the two antibiotics obtain better efficacy in adults with complicated intra-abdominal infections and by specific pathogens such as P. "
5.	Meropenem (Merrem)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2000 - "Meropenem appeared to be slightly more effective against intra-abdominal infections: 95.5% (21/22) versus 76.7% (23/30), respectively. " 09/01/2000 - "Extensive comparative clinical data demonstrate that meropenem can be used effectively as empirical monotherapy in moderate to severe intra-abdominal infections. " 09/01/1997 - "Finally, the authors analyze the literature and the evidence reported regarding the use of meropenem in clinical practice, as a treatment of intraabdominal infections with a clinical response of 91%-100% and bacteriologic efficacy of 84%-95%." 12/01/2012 - "The purpose of this study was to determine the safety and effectiveness of meropenem in young infants with suspected or complicated intra-abdominal infections. " 09/01/2000 - "In patients with moderate to severe intra-abdominal infections, empirical monotherapy with meropenem achieved clinical response rates ranging from 91 to 100% in 7 randomised comparative trials. "
6.	Imipenem Drug Combination Cilastatin (Primaxin)FDA Link 09/01/2000 - "It also offers improved CNS tolerability compared with imipenem/cilastatin with the option of a higher maximum dosage, which may be a particular advantage in patients with severe intra-abdominal infections." 06/01/1992 - "Imipenem/cilastatin: a pharmacoeconomic appraisal of its use in intra-abdominal infections." 06/01/1987 - "Treatment of intra-abdominal infections using imipenem/cilastatin." 07/01/1985 - "The clinical and microbiologic results for 164 assessable patients given imipenem/cilastatin for intraabdominal infections are reported. " 07/01/1985 - "Imipenem/cilastatin in the treatment of intraabdominal infections: a review of worldwide experience."
7.	Clindamycin (Cleocin)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1995 - "Although clinical outcomes for intraabdominal infections are generally similar for both regimens, the significantly higher cure rate with a dosage of clindamycin 900 mg q8h suggests that dosage recommendations should be patient specific." 12/01/1986 - "Treating intra-abdominal infections with clindamycin." 01/01/1998 - "Randomized clinical trials (level 1 evidence) support the use of clindamycin in a number of common conditions, including preoperative prophylaxis, intra-abdominal infections, recurrent group A streptococcal pharyngitis, Chlamydia trachomatis cervicitis and anaerobic lung infections. " 02/01/1982 - "fragilis organisms and appears to be an effective alternative to an aminoglycoside/clindamycin combination for patients with intraabdominal infections. " 01/01/1990 - "Thus the combination dactimicin/clindamycin seems to be useful in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections."
8.	Gentamicins (Gentamicin)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2003 - "In this study, we wanted to compare the protective effect of enteral administration of lactobacilli to gentamicin against severe intra-abdominal infection. " 02/01/2014 - "In addition, intra-abdominal infection, unknown focus and high-level gentamicin resistance were predictors of mortality in E. faecalis patients. " 06/01/2007 - "Despite persistent intra-abdominal infection, gentamicin treatment significantly prolonged survival in this uniformly lethal model. " 04/01/1992 - "The standard of practice was to use a model created from a different intraabdominal infection group (appendicitis), referred to as "surgical patient model." These two models were compared with a group of 23 patients receiving gentamicin for acute cholecystitis. " 10/01/1990 - "This study shows that pefloxacin can be considered as effective and safe as gentamicin for the treatment of severe intraabdominal infections."
9.	Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/2013 - "To our knowledge, however, no prospective studies have reported the relationship between FQ efficacy and PK-PD parameters in intraabdominal infection; therefore, we prospectively investigated the relationship between the efficacy of intravenous ciprofloxacin (CPFX IV) and PK-PD parameters. " 10/01/2004 - "We review 2 prospective, comparative clinical trials conducted between 1992 and 2002 that evaluated the efficacy and safety of IV ciprofloxacin in patients with intra-abdominal infections. " 10/01/2013 - "Relationship between the clinical efficacy and AUC/MIC of intravenous ciprofloxacin in Japanese patients with intraabdominal infections." 10/01/2004 - "Use of ciprofloxacin in the treatment of hospitalized patients with intra-abdominal infections." 04/01/1998 - "Bioavailability of ciprofloxacin after multiple enteral and intravenous doses in ICU patients with severe gram-negative intra-abdominal infections."
10.	Ertapenem (Invanz)FDA Link 01/01/2003 - "[Efficacy of invanz proven in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections in one of the largest studies yet conducted on surgical patients]." 06/01/2013 - "The Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends has monitored the in vitro activity of ertapenem and several comparators against aerobic gram-negative bacteria from intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) for many years. " 04/01/2013 - "The Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) has tracked the in vitro activity of ertapenem and comparators against aerobic gram-negative bacteria from intra-abdominal infections since 2002. " 12/01/2011 - "Antimicrobial susceptibility data from the SMART-Spain study reinforce current therapeutic guidelines of intraabdominal infections that include ertapenem as the empirical choice for treatment. " 05/01/2008 - "No difference was found between adult patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections treated with ertapenem vs. comparators, regarding clinical success (five randomized-controlled trials, 2002 patients, fixed-effect model, odds ratio: 1.11, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.89-1.39); clinical adverse events (four randomized-controlled trials, 1530 patients, fixed-effect model, OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.61-1.20); microbiological success; mortality and withdrawals because of adverse events. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 12/01/1999 - "Presumptive antimicrobial therapy for most community-acquired intra-abdominal infection can be safely initiated with a single broad-spectrum antimicrobial effective against the expected Enterobacteriaceae and anaerobic flora. " 01/01/2016 - "Overall IDSA/SIS intra-abdominal infection guideline compliance was not associated with improved outcomes; however, there was a longer time to active therapy (P=.024) and higher mortality (P=.077) if empiric therapy was too narrow per guidelines. " 11/01/1996 - "To test the hypothesis that comprehensive broad-spectrum empirical antimicrobial therapy is superior to limited-spectrum empirical antimicrobial therapy in intra-abdominal infections. " 03/01/2021 - "Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Appropriate Empiric Anti-Enterococcal Therapy for Intra-Abdominal Infection." 10/01/2014 - "Antimicrobial management of severe intra-abdominal infections involves a delicate balance of optimizing empirical therapy which has been shown to improve outcomes while simultaneously reducing unnecessary use of antimicrobials. "
2.	Length of Stay 08/17/2023 - "Significant reduction in risk of post-operative haemorrhage (OR: 0.55, p < 0.01), intra-abdominal infection (OR: 0.35, p < 0.01), re-admission (OR: 0.63, p < 0.01), re-operation (OR: 0.70, p = 0.03), presence of any complications (OR: 0.46, p < 0.01), and reduced length of stay (SMD: -0.75, p < 0.01) in the early removal group was also observed. " 12/18/2021 - "We found that early drain removal may reduce intra-abdominal infection rate (RR 0.44, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.89; two studies, 285 participants; very low-certainty evidence), morbidity (RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.81; two studies, 258 participants; very low-certainty evidence), and length of hospital stay (MD -2.20 days, 95% CI -3.52 to -0.87; three studies, 399 participants; very low-certainty evidence), but the evidence was very uncertain. " 12/23/2020 - "We aimed to describe the results on AU and length of stay (LOS) in a pre-post study during the three years before (2014-2016) and the three years after (2017-2019) implementation of an ASP based on postprescription review with feedback in children and adolescents admitted for appendix-related intraabdominal infections (AR-IAI) in a European Referral Paediatric University Hospital. " 11/18/2023 - "Bile leakage, DGE, intra-abdominal infection, postoperative hospital stays, harvested lymph nodes, and R0 resection were comparable between the two cohorts. " 09/01/2023 - "Postoperative intra-abdominal infection (PIAI) is one of the most serious complications of abdominal surgery, increasing the risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality and prolonging hospital stay. "
3.	Catheters 12/01/1988 - "Sterile fluid collections can be effectively treated by percutaneous catheter drainage, whereas most intra-abdominal infections require surgical intervention. " 07/01/2002 - "Percutaneous catheter drainage of intra-abdominal infections was effective with a single treatment in 70% of patients and increased to 82% with a second attempt. " 02/01/1988 - "The resolution rate of intra-abdominal infection with catheter drainage is highly variable, depending on the inclusion criteria employed. " 02/09/2021 - "(4) Conclusions: Patients with underlying disease and indwelling catheter are more susceptible to Elizabethkingia intra-abdominal infection, and successful treatment requires removal of the catheter. " 09/01/2007 - "As use of intraperitoneal chemotherapy requires additional resources and expertise beyond that associated with routine intravenous treatment, and unique side effects may be observed (e.g., catheter malfunction, intra-abdominal infection), some have questioned the utility of this approach, despite the documented survival advantage. "
4.	Critical Care (Surgical Intensive Care) 01/01/2021 - "This study aimed to determine the relationship between the body mass index (BMI) and short-term mortality of patients with intra-abdominal infection (IAI) using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-III) database. " 02/01/2008 - "We conducted a case-controlled study of adult surgical intensive care unit patients with complicated intraabdominal infection during a 5-year period. " 10/01/2021 - "Methods: We reviewed retrospectively the records of patients with intra-abdominal infections admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine at Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China, from January 2011 to December 2018. " 06/01/2021 - "Severe intra-abdominal infection commonly requires intensive care. " 01/01/2021 - "Association between body mass index and short-term mortality in patients with intra-abdominal infections: a retrospective, single-centre cohort study using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care database."
5.	Gastrectomy 05/01/2019 - "Background: The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of intra-abdominal infection after curative gastrectomy on the prognosis of patients. " 11/01/2008 - "This study elucidated risk factors and management for intra-abdominal infection after extended radical gastrectomy. " 10/01/2023 - "Intra-abdominal infection is a common postoperative complication of laparoscopic pylorus-preserving gastrectomies (PPGs). " 05/01/2019 - "Conclusions: The development of intra-abdominal infection after curative gastrectomy is associated closely with co-morbidities and longer operation time, whereas intra-abdominal infection does not lead to reduced long-term survival of patients." 05/01/2019 - "Patients and Methods: Data were collected for enrolled patients who underwent curative gastrectomy in two centers; the relationship between intra-abdominal infection and prognosis was analyzed. "