Immune Checkpoint Proteins

Immunomodulators that regulate immune system either in stimulatory or inhibitory fashion allowing IMMUNE TOLERANCE. Activation of suppressed immune system (IMMUNOSUPPRESSION (PHYSIOLOGY)) in immunotherapy by IMMUNE CHECKPOINT INHIBITORS often targets inhibitory checkpoint molecules.

Also Known As:

Checkpoint Molecule, Immune; Checkpoint Molecule, Inhibitory; Checkpoint Molecule, Stimulatory; Checkpoint Protein, Immune; Molecule, Immune Checkpoint; Protein, Immune Checkpoint; Immune Checkpoint Molecule; Immune Checkpoint Molecules; Immune Checkpoint Protein; Inhibitory Checkpoint Molecule; Inhibitory Checkpoint Molecules; Stimulatory Checkpoint Molecule; Stimulatory Checkpoint Molecules

Networked: 1217 relevant articles (45 outcomes, 108 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Baradaran, Behzad: 10 articles (09/2022 - 09/2020)
2.	Sun, Zhi-Jun: 7 articles (04/2022 - 01/2016)
3.	Silvestris, Nicola: 6 articles (05/2022 - 04/2019)
4.	Hung, Mien-Chie: 6 articles (01/2022 - 01/2018)
5.	Zang, Xingxing: 6 articles (01/2022 - 01/2018)
6.	Zhang, Wen-Feng: 6 articles (10/2019 - 01/2016)
7.	Ohshima, Koichi: 5 articles (10/2022 - 04/2018)
8.	Baghbanzadeh, Amir: 5 articles (09/2022 - 09/2020)
9.	Derakhshani, Afshin: 5 articles (05/2022 - 01/2021)
10.	Chen, Jie: 5 articles (05/2022 - 12/2019)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2020 - "The immune checkpoint molecules PD-1 and PD-L1 have been targeted for cancer treatment with significant benefits for cancer patients. " 01/01/2019 - "These notions, and the availability of mAb directed to diverse immune-checkpoint molecules, have led to a significant clinical improvement in cancer treatment. " 01/01/2022 - "Recent preclinical studies have shown promising results for eradicating various solid tumors by targeting the overexpressed immune checkpoint molecule, B7-H3. " 01/01/2023 - "Antibody-based immunotherapeutic agents that block immune checkpoint proteins expressed by cancer cells have shown promising results. " 11/01/2017 - "Blockade of the immune checkpoint molecule programmed-cell-death-protein-1 (PD-1) yielded promising results in several cancers. "
2.	Melanoma (Melanoma, Malignant) 09/27/2023 - "This study investigated the effects of nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) treatment on the expression of immune checkpoint molecules in A375 and C32 melanoma cells. " 01/01/2022 - "In the present study, we evaluated whether fairy chemicals (2-azahypoxanthine, 2-aza-8-oxohypoxanthine, and imidazole-4-carboxamide) exert anticancer activity by decreasing the expression of Axl and immune checkpoint molecules in melanoma cells. " 11/23/2023 - "PTPRC expression was positively correlated with the levels of immune checkpoint molecules, and PTPRC knockdown significantly enhanced the migration, invasion, and proliferation of melanoma cells. " 05/11/2023 - "Beyond CTLA-4 and PD-1 Inhibition: Novel Immune Checkpoint Molecules for Melanoma Treatment." 04/01/2023 - "SOX10 Inhibits T Cell Recognition by Inducing Expression of the Immune Checkpoint Molecule PD-L1 in A375 Melanoma Cells."
3.	Glioblastoma (Glioblastoma Multiforme) 01/01/2023 - "In summary, our study describes a nanotechnology-based approach that hijacks irradiation-triggered immune checkpoint molecules to boost potent and long-lasting antitumor immunity against glioblastoma." 12/01/2018 - "The present study reports the first clinicopathologic features of the differences in immunosuppressive cells and the expression of immune checkpoint molecules between the TC and PBZ of glioblastoma." 05/01/2019 - "Here, we examined expression of Herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM), an immune checkpoint molecule, in human glioblastoma (GBM) to assess its potential as a molecular target for treatment. " 05/01/2019 - "Immune checkpoint molecule herpes virus entry mediator is overexpressed and associated with poor prognosis in human glioblastoma." 01/01/2018 - "The immune checkpoint protein PD-L1 induces and maintains regulatory T cells in glioblastoma."
4.	Lung Neoplasms (Lung Cancer) 07/23/2021 - "This study assessed whether subcritical water extracts of the Agaricus blazei Murrill's fruiting body or mycelium affect the expression of Axl and immune checkpoint molecules in lung cancer cells. " 01/01/2023 - "Immune checkpoint molecules such as programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have revolutionized the field of lung cancer treatment. " 11/01/2022 - "Both low-dose and regular-dose irradiation upregulate expression of the immune checkpoint molecules CD47 and PD-L1 in lung cancer cells, and the mechanism may be related to the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. " 11/01/2022 - "Western blot analysis was used to assess the expression of the immune checkpoint molecules CD47, PD-L1, FGL-1 and CD155 in lung cancer cells after radiation. " 11/01/2022 - "The mechanism of low-dose radiation-induced upregulation of immune checkpoint molecule expression in lung cancer cells."
5.	Microsatellite Instability 02/28/2023 - "What's more, NDC1 expression was detected to be enormously associated with microsatellite instability (MSI), immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint molecules and immune cell pathways. " 01/01/2021 - "A high CYT score was associated with common immune checkpoint molecules, a high mutation, the Epstein-Barr virus subtype, and the microsatellite instability subtype in GC. " 01/01/2021 - "Survival analysis showed that a lower classifier index reflected better prognosis for STAD patients, and the index showed correlation with expression of immune checkpoint molecules (PD1, PDL1, and CTLA4), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and microsatellite instability. " 03/10/2023 - "This study synthetically analyzed the relationship between the expression of ILF3 across various cancers and prognosis, microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor mutational burden (TMB), tumor immune cell infiltration, and common immune checkpoint molecules by multiple bioinformatics databases. " 11/30/2023 - "Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards regressions were used to estimate prognostic factors associated with ATP7B.The correlations between the expression of ATP7B and immune cell infiltration, tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability and immune checkpoint molecules were analyzed. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Monoclonal Antibodies
2.	B7-H1 Antigen
3.	Antibodies
4.	Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
5.	Ligands
6.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
7.	Chimeric Antigen Receptors
8.	Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
9.	Vaccines
10.	Biomarkers (Surrogate Marker)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Immunotherapy
2.	Therapeutics
3.	Immunomodulation
4.	Adjuvant Chemotherapy
5.	Radiotherapy