Simendan (Levosimendan)

A hydrazone and pyridazine derivative; the levo-form is a phosphodiesterase III inhibitor, calcium-sensitizing agent, and inotropic agent that is used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE.

Also Known As:

Levosimendan; ((4-(1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-4-methyl-6-oxo-3-pyridazinyl)phenyl)hydrazono)propanedinitrile; Dextrosimendan; OR 1259; OR-1259; OR-1855; Simadax; OR 1855; Propanedinitrile, 2-(2-(4-(1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-4-methyl-6-oxo-3-pyridazinyl)phenyl)hydrazinylidene)-

Networked: 1133 relevant articles (213 outcomes, 302 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Pollesello, Piero: 39 articles (01/2022 - 09/2004)
2.	Parissis, John T: 27 articles (12/2018 - 05/2004)
3.	Kivikko, Matti: 25 articles (03/2020 - 01/2002)
4.	Mebazaa, Alexandre: 23 articles (11/2021 - 05/2003)
5.	Farmakis, Dimitrios: 19 articles (02/2021 - 04/2005)
6.	Fedele, Francesco: 18 articles (02/2021 - 06/2004)
7.	Guarracino, Fabio: 17 articles (04/2021 - 09/2007)
8.	Nieminen, Markku S: 15 articles (03/2020 - 05/2003)
9.	Morelli, Andrea: 14 articles (10/2017 - 05/2005)
10.	Harjola, Veli-Pekka: 13 articles (03/2020 - 01/2007)

Related Diseases

1.	Heart Failure 08/20/2015 - "Our study showed levosimendan significantly and safely improved clinical outcomes of refractory heart failure in elderly patients." 10/01/2023 - "Levosimendan administration demonstrated improved cardiac function and a significant reduction in plasma BNP levels in patients with decompensated heart failure." 01/01/2017 - "Although one-third of the children had a good response to repetitive levosimendan infusions, no overall significant improvement in ventricular performance could be found in this heterogenous DCM patient population, which included the patients in end-stage heart failure." 01/01/2016 - "The updated results suggest that repetitive or intermittent levosimendan administration in advanced heart failure is associated with a significant reduction in mortality at the longest follow-up available. " 07/12/2011 - " vivo, levosimendan treatment for two hours resulted in a significant reduction of PMA stimulated oxidative burst by 45% (P < 0.01) and fMLP stimulated oxidative burst by 49% (P < 0.05) in patients with acute heart failure. "
2.	Cardiogenic Shock 03/22/2006 - "Levosimendan causes rapid improvement in hemodynamic function in patients with cardiogenic shock. " 02/01/2017 - "Levosimendan is superior to PDE inhibitors for patients in cardiogenic shock. " 01/01/2010 - "Efficacy of levosimendan in Takotsubo-related cardiogenic shock." 01/01/2023 - "Using the emulated target trial framework, this study did not find any association of levosimendan treatment and ECMO weaning success after postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock. " 11/29/2019 - "New trials are under way to confirm or refute the potential usefulness of levosimendan to facilitate weaning from veno-arterial ECMO, to treat cardiogenic shock due to left or right ventricular failure because the current evidence is mostly retrospective and requires confirmation with better-designed studies. "
3.	Myocardial Infarction 01/01/2017 - "Data from clinical studies suggest that levosimendan is particularly effective in HF due to myocardial infarction. " 02/01/2015 - "Clinical trials showed that levosimendan was particularly effective in HF due to myocardial infarction. " 01/01/2022 - "However, protective effects of levosimendan postconditioning against myocardial apoptosis following myocardial infarction (MI) have not been evaluated. " 09/01/2002 - "To evaluate the safety and efficacy of levosimendan in patients with left ventricular failure complicating acute myocardial infarction. " 05/11/2001 - "Improved survival with simendan after experimental myocardial infarction in rats."
4.	Sepsis (Septicemia) 10/27/2016 - "We conducted a double-blind, randomized clinical trial to investigate whether levosimendan reduces the severity of organ dysfunction in adults with sepsis. " 09/01/2010 - "Treatment with levosimendan in this animal model of sepsis attenuated pulmonary vasoconstriction and improved portal blood flow, intestinal mucosal oxygenation, pulmonary function, and vascular reactivity." 01/01/2020 - "Levosimendan and Global Longitudinal Strain Assessment in Sepsis (GLASSES 1): a study protocol for an observational study." 05/01/2019 - "Many clinical studies have proven that levosimendan effectively prevents myocardial dysfunction in sepsis. " 01/01/2018 - "More large-scale randomised trials are necessary to validate levosimendan use in sepsis."
5.	Low Cardiac Output 11/29/2019 - "The two large trials evaluating the prophylactic administration of levosimendan (pharmacological preconditioning) in cardiac surgical patients with poor left ventricular ejection fraction could not show a significant reduction in their composite endpoints reflecting low cardiac output syndrome with respect to placebo. " 06/01/2014 - "These preliminary results show that timely perioperative levosimendan treatment is feasible, has a favourable safety profile safe and may help to prevent low cardiac output syndrome. " 06/01/2006 - "The efficacy of levosimendan treatment for a low cardiac output status following cardiac surgery has not been established. " 05/01/2006 - "Levosimendan was safely used in a small number of pediatric patients with established low cardiac output state who demonstrated improved hemodynamics and tissue perfusion, with a tendency to reduced conventional inotrope usage, and this warrants its evaluation as an inotrope in the pediatric population." 01/01/2023 - "Thus, this study now analysed the influence of timing of Levosimendan administration on perioperative outcome in cardiac surgery patients preoperatively presenting with severely reduced ventricular function and therefore considered at high-risk for intra- or postoperative low cardiac output syndrome. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Dobutamine
2.	Calcium
3.	Milrinone (Primacor)
4.	Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
5.	Simendan (Levosimendan)
6.	Cytokines
7.	Brain Natriuretic Peptide (Natrecor)
8.	Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline)
9.	Dopamine (Intropin)
10.	Lactic Acid (Lactate)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Cardiopulmonary Bypass (Heart-Lung Bypass)
3.	Resuscitation
4.	Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
5.	Renal Replacement Therapy (Therapies, Renal Replacement)