Rationale, design and baseline characteristics of the CANagliflozin cardioVascular Assessment Study-Renal (CANVAS-R): A randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Abstract

AIMS:

The primary aim of the CANagliflozin cardioVascular Assessment Study-Renal (CANVAS-R) is to determine whether the favourable effects of inhibition of the sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) on blood glucose, blood pressure and body weight are accompanied by protection against adverse renal outcomes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

CANVAS-R is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients with type 2 diabetes with a history or high risk of cardiovascular events. Patients were randomly assigned to once-daily placebo or canagliflozin 100 mg (with optional uptitration to 300 mg) for a planned average of 2.5 years of follow-up. The primary outcome is kidney disease progression, defined by class change in albuminuria. The two secondary outcomes are the composite of hospitalized heart failure or cardiovascular death, and cardiovascular death alone. Effects on end-stage renal disease and a range of other outcomes will also be explored.

RESULTS:

A total of 5812 participants were recruited at 422 sites in 24 countries between January 2014 and May 2015. The mean baseline age was 64 years, mean duration of diabetes was 14 years, mean glycated haemoglobin level was 8.3% and mean body mass index was 32 kg/m2 . Of these participants, 37% were women, 71% had a history of cardiovascular disease, 22.3% had microalbuminuria and 8.7% had macroalbuminuria. The mean baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate was 76 mL/min/1.73 m2 . The study will have at least 90% power ( P = .05) to detect a 22% or greater reduction in the risk of progression of albuminuria.

CONCLUSIONS:

The trial should define the potential renoprotective effect of canagliflozin and will provide additional important new data about its effects on vascular outcomes, death and kidney failure.

• Authors: Bruce Neal, Vlado Perkovic, David R Matthews, Kenneth W Mahaffey, Greg Fulcher, Gary Meininger, Ngozi Erondu, Mehul Desai, Wayne Shaw, Frank Vercruysse, Jacqueline Yee, Hsiaowei Deng, Dick de Zeeuw, CANVAS-R Trial Collaborative Group
• Journal: Diabetes, obesity & metabolism (Diabetes Obes Metab) Vol. 19 Issue 3 Pg. 387-393 (03 2017) ISSN: 1463-1326 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 28120497 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial)
• Copyright: © 2017 The Authors. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Chemical References

• Blood Glucose
• Hypoglycemic Agents
• Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
• Canagliflozin

Topics

• Aged
• Albuminuria
• Blood Glucose
• Blood Pressure
• Body Weight
• Canagliflozin (therapeutic use)
• Cardiovascular Diseases (epidemiology)
• Comorbidity
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (drug therapy, epidemiology)
• Diabetic Nephropathies (metabolism)
• Disease Progression
• Double-Blind Method
• Female
• Glomerular Filtration Rate
• Humans
• Hypoglycemic Agents (therapeutic use)
• Kidney Failure, Chronic (epidemiology, metabolism)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Prospective Studies
• Renal Insufficiency, Chronic (metabolism)
• Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors