Infectious complications in cancer patients treated with anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Clinical trials have reported a substantial variation in the risk of infection related to anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) cetuximab and panitumumab. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the infection risk in cancer patients treated with anti-EGFR mAbs.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

We searched PubMed and the ASCO online database of meeting abstracts up to January 2014 for relevant clinical trials. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of cetuximab and panitumumab that reported adequate safety data for grade 3-4 infection or febrile neutropenia (FN). The summary incidence, relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

RESULTS:

A total of 14,957 patients from 28 trials were included. Treatment with anti-EGFR mAbs was associated with an increased risk of high-grade infection (RR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.33-1.66; P<0.001) and FN (RR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.09-1.48; P=0.002). The incidence of high-grade infection and FN due to anti-EGFR mAbs was 9.3% (95% CI, 7.2-12.0%) and 5.3% (95% CI, 3.3-8.3%), respectively. A significantly increased risk of high-grade infection was observed in all subgroups analyses (type of anti-EGFR mAb, therapy of control arm and duration of treatment) except for tumor type (only colorectal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) groups had the increased risk). Subgroup analyses revealed a significantly increased risk of FN in the following subgroups: cetuximab, NSCLC and treatment duration longer than the median of all trials (3.1months).

CONCLUSIONS:

The use of anti-EGFR mAbs is associated with a significantly higher risk of high-grade infection and febrile neutropenia.

• Authors: Tomohiro Funakoshi, Maya Suzuki, Kazuo Tamura
• Journal: Cancer treatment reviews (Cancer Treat Rev) Vol. 40 Issue 10 Pg. 1221-9 (Dec 2014) ISSN: 1532-1967 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 25288497 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Systematic Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Monoclonal
• Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
• Antineoplastic Agents
• Panitumumab
• EGFR protein, human
• ErbB Receptors
• Cetuximab

Topics

• Antibodies, Monoclonal (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Antineoplastic Agents (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung (drug therapy)
• Cetuximab
• Colorectal Neoplasms (drug therapy)
• ErbB Receptors (antagonists & inhibitors)
• Febrile Neutropenia (chemically induced)
• Humans
• Infections (epidemiology)
• Panitumumab
• Risk Factors