The expressions of
carbohydrate antigens were examined with panel of specific anti-
carbohydrate monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) on human
lung cancer tissues. The MAbs used were SH1, SH2, SNH3, AH6, CA3F4, TKH2, TKH6 and TKH5 which define Lex, dimeric Lex, sialosyl Lex, Ley, Lea, sialosyl Tn, Tn and
fucosyl GM1, respectively.
Paraffin-embedded tissue sections (30
squamous cell carcinomas, 30
adenocarcinomas and 27
small cell carcinomas) were tested by immunohistological staining. Evaluation of stained specimens was performed by taking mean value of scores evaluated by three independent examiners. In
squamous cell carcinoma, expression of Ley, sialosyl Tn, sialosyl Lex and Lea was significantly higher than other
antigens. Lex was also expressed especially in keratinized tissues. In
adenocarcinoma, Lea was expressed most remarkably. Sialosyl Lex, Ley, sialosyl Tn were also highly expressed in malignant cells. There was no significant difference in staining patterns between well and poorly differentiated
adenocarcinomas. Sialosyl Tn and sialosyl Lex were positive in morphologically normal mucous glands adjacent to
tumors. In
small cell carcinomas, Ley was expressed more than other types of
tumors, whereas Lex and sialosyl Tn were less than others.
Tn antigen was observed throughout
adenocarcinomas, squamous and
small cell carcinomas in a relatively weak manner. Dimeric Lex and
fucosyl GM1 antigens were not detected. Most of normal lung sections showed negative staining with those MAbs. These findings indicate that there are differential expressions of certain
carbohydrate antigens in different types of human
lung cancers based on their origins.