May-Thurner Syndrome

A compression of ILIAC VEIN that results in a decreased flow in the vein and in the left LOWER EXTREMITY due to a vascular malformation. It may result in left leg EDEMA, pain, iliofemoral DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS and POSTTHROMBOTIC SYNDROME. Compression of the left common ILIAC VEIN by the right common ILIAC ARTERY against the underlying fifth LUMBAR VERTEBRA is the typical underlying malformation.

Also Known As:

Compression Syndrome, Iliocaval; Compression Syndromes, Iliocaval; Iliocaval Compression Syndromes; May Thurner Syndrome; Syndrome, Cockett; Syndrome, Iliocaval Compression; Syndrome, May-Thurner; Syndromes, Iliocaval Compression; Cockett Syndrome; Iliac Vein Compression Syndrome; Iliocaval Compression Syndrome

Networked: 151 relevant articles (12 outcomes, 15 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Thrombosis (Thrombus)
2.	Venous Thrombosis (Deep-Vein Thrombosis)
3.	Varicose Veins (Varicose Vein)
4.	Premature Obstetric Labor (Premature Labor)
5.	Intervertebral Disc Displacement (Herniated Disc)

Experts

1.	Zhao, Yu: 3 articles (06/2021 - 01/2018)
2.	Li, Fenghe: 2 articles (06/2021 - 01/2020)
3.	Liu, Hong: 2 articles (06/2021 - 01/2020)
4.	Wang, Xuehu: 2 articles (06/2021 - 01/2020)
5.	Li, Lubin: 2 articles (09/2020 - 11/2019)
6.	Liu, Zhenjie: 2 articles (09/2020 - 11/2019)
7.	Zhu, Yuefeng: 2 articles (09/2020 - 11/2019)
8.	Baumann, Frederic A: 2 articles (12/2019 - 07/2019)
9.	Engelberger, Rolf P: 2 articles (12/2019 - 07/2019)
10.	Kucher, Nils: 2 articles (12/2019 - 07/2019)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to May-Thurner Syndrome:

1.	Heparin (Liquaemin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2017 - "The patient was diagnosed with an acute left lower extremity (LLE) DVT in the setting of May-Thurner syndrome for which treatment with unfractionated heparin was started. " 12/01/1998 - "Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia complicating endovascular reconstruction of the iliofemoral venous system in a patient with May-Thurner Syndrome is an uncommon occurrence. " 01/01/2017 - "Extensive Intracardiac and Deep Venous Thromboses in a Young Woman with Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and May-Thurner Syndrome." 12/01/1998 - "Treatment of May-Thurner syndrome with catheter-directed thrombolysis and stent placement, complicated by heparin-induced thrombocytopenia." 04/01/2023 - "This case reviews the management of a patient with antithrombin deficiency who developed a massive thrombus during pregnancy, which was complicated by May-Thurner syndrome, lack of improvement with heparin, and preterm labor. "
2.	AntithrombinsIBA 04/01/2023 - "Peripartum management of deep venous thrombosis in the context of antithrombin deficiency and May-Thurner syndrome." 04/01/2023 - "This case reviews the management of a patient with antithrombin deficiency who developed a massive thrombus during pregnancy, which was complicated by May-Thurner syndrome, lack of improvement with heparin, and preterm labor. "
3.	Protein CIBA 10/01/2004 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the early outcome of endovascular management in patients with iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis (DVT) due to iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS) and protein C and/or S deficiency. " 10/01/2004 - "Endovascular management of iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis due to iliac vein compression syndrome in patients with protein C and/or S deficiency."
4.	A-factor (Streptomyces)IBA 01/01/2019 - "Further studies revea led suggestive findings of May-Thurner syndrome coupled with a patent foramen ovale and a factor V Leiden thrombophilia. "
5.	factor V LeidenIBA 01/01/2009 - "We exposed three cases of May-Thurner syndrome, all were positive for the presence of factor V Leiden. " 01/01/2017 - "One patient received thrombolysis and stenting at 14 weeks of pregnancy for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and May-Thurner syndrome, three for a previous postpartum DVT (2, 4, and 6 weeks postpartum), three for DVT before any pregnancy with a history of factor V Leiden, and the remaining five for unprovoked DVT. " 01/01/2012 - "Here, we describe a case of a young athletic female with an incidental finding of a left iliac vein thrombosis while taking oral contraceptives, who was identified as having iliac vein compression syndrome on follow-up MR venography with positive testing for Factor V Leiden mutation." 09/01/2013 - " report a case of DVT in a woman with previously undiagnosed May-Thurner syndrome and heterozygosity for factor V Leiden mutation on exogenous hormone therapy, with subsequent spontaneous rupture of the LCIV leading to fatal hemoperitoneum. "
6.	Oral ContraceptivesIBA 03/01/2009 - "Symptomatic ileofemoral DVT after onset of oral contraceptive use in women with previously undiagnosed May-Thurner Syndrome." 02/01/2001 - "The etiology for venous thrombosis was malignancy in seven, idiopathic etiology in three, May-Thurner syndrome and immobilization in three each, and oral contraceptive use and hypercoagulable disorder in one each. " 03/01/2009 - "We present the occurrence of 7 adolescent patients with previously undiagnosed May-Thurner syndrome who presented with DVT after the initiation of oral contraceptive steroids (OCP) use. " 01/01/2012 - "Here, we describe a case of a young athletic female with an incidental finding of a left iliac vein thrombosis while taking oral contraceptives, who was identified as having iliac vein compression syndrome on follow-up MR venography with positive testing for Factor V Leiden mutation."
7.	AnticoagulantsIBA 01/20/2022 - "We present a case of a 37-year-old male with DVT of left lower limb due to May-Thurner syndrome, treated with anticoagulants with a plan of left common iliac vein (LCIV) stenting and inferior vena cava (IVC) filter later. " 01/23/2011 - "After confirmation of the diagnosis of May-Thurner syndrome, plastic surgery of the common iliacal vein was performed and anticoagulant treatment was given." 01/01/2016 - "Anticoagulant Therapy in a Pregnant Woman with May-Thurner Syndrome."
8.	Warfarin (Coumadin)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/2019 - "Warfarin-Induced Skin Necrosis in the Presence of Acute Hepatic Injury and May-Thurner Syndrome." 04/01/2019 - "Purpose: The purpose of the report is to describe a patient with warfarin-induced skin necrosis in the presence of acute hepatic injury and significant risk factors for venous thromboembolism, including protein C deficiency and May-Thurner syndrome. " 04/01/2019 - "Conclusion: A 44-year-old female developed a complicated probable warfarin-induced skin necrosis in the setting of acute liver failure, septic shock, May-Thurner syndrome, previously failed anticoagulation, and acute deep vein thrombosis." 01/16/2019 - "May-Thurner syndrome (MTS), also known as the iliac vein compression syndrome, is an anatomic anomaly in which the compression of the left common iliac vein by an overlying right common iliac artery leads to blood stasis, which predisposes to deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the iliofemoral venous system. We present a case of a female with a history of DVT and currently on warfarin with a therapeutic international normalized ratio (INR), admitted with left leg swelling, redness, and intractable pain. "
9.	Tissue Plasminogen Activator (Alteplase)FDA Link 06/01/1996 - "In these patients a left iliac vein compression syndrome was detected after percutaneous intraluminal thrombolysis with Actilyse (rt-PA). " 11/11/2022 - "Etiological work-up after treatment with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator revealed May-Thurner syndrome. "
10.	Cholinergic Antagonists (Anticholinergics)IBA 03/01/2009 - "To discuss the risk that bladder distention resulting from anticholinergic side effects of antipsychotics can cause iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS) and subsequent pulmonary embolism (PE). "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Stents 12/10/2019 - "Conclusion: Intravascular ultrasound-assisted balloon dilatation combined with stent implantation is not only a safe and effective treatment for non-thrombotic right iliac vein compression syndrome, but also has a good mid-term patency rate. " 01/01/2023 - "Double-barrel iliocaval reconstruction with closed-cell dedicated venous stents for the treatment of post-thrombotic syndrome or iliac vein compression syndrome is technically feasible and clinically effective with a low reintervention rate." 01/01/2019 - "Endovascular stent placement is an effective treatment for relieving chronic venous obstruction in patients with May-Thurner Syndrome (MTS) with or without the presence of thrombotic lesions. " 01/01/2021 - "The study intended to evaluate stent primary patency rates for patients with iliac vein obstruction related with iliac vein compression syndrome according to clinic presentation. " 07/01/2015 - "This study was conducted to evaluate stent compression in iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS) and to identify its association with stent patency. "
2.	Therapeutics 10/25/2020 - "The patient clinically improved and was discharged with anticoagulative therapy. May-Thurner syndrome is a condition that typically manifests due to external anatomic compression of the left common iliac vein. " 11/01/2009 - "Endovascular therapy is the current mainstay of treatment for May-Thurner syndrome. " 05/01/2018 - "Endovascular therapy for May-Thurner syndrome in our adult cohort seemed safe and effective. " 11/01/2009 - "A review was conducted of six studies containing at least five patients with May-Thurner syndrome treated by endovascular therapy. " 04/01/2021 - "Endovascular and medical therapy of May-Thurner syndrome: Case series and scoping literature review."
3.	Catheters 04/19/2021 - "May-Thurner syndrome was diagnosed and catheter-directed thrombolysis was performed. " 07/01/2006 - "Catheter-guided thrombolysis and angioplasty with stent implantation is a safe and effective method for the treatment of May-Thurner syndrome." 01/01/2018 - "Hemodialysis catheter dysfunction caused by May-Thurner syndrome." 01/01/2015 - "Endovascular Treatment of Iliac Vein Compression (May-Thurner) Syndrome: Angioplasty and Stenting with or without Manual Aspiration Thrombectomy and Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis." 11/01/2000 - "Catheter-directed thrombolytic therapy for the treatment of acute extensive iliofemoral DVT due to May-Thurner syndrome is an effective method for restoring venous patency and provides relief of the acute symptoms. "
4.	Thrombectomy 01/01/2014 - "We treated the patients with DVT due to May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) by surgical thrombectomy and simultaneous stenting, and this study is to evaluate the outcomes of this procedure. " 03/01/2023 - "Long course of disease and dIVCS are the high risk factors for failure of modified single-session Angiojet rheolytic thrombectomy combined with directed iliac vein stenting, directed filter retrieval in the treatment of iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS). " 10/01/2021 - "Successful Fogarty venous thrombectomy without a skin incision for organized thrombi caused by May-Thurner syndrome." 01/01/2020 - "Delayed Yet Successful Mechanical Thrombectomy for Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens in a Limb with Severe Arterial Disease and May-Thurner Syndrome." 01/01/2019 - "Complications due to venous thrombectomy and iliofemoral stenting in a patient with May-Thurner syndrome are reported. "
5.	Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures 12/25/2018 - "To analyze the efficacy of integrated minimally invasive surgery for iliac vein compression syndrome with varicose veins of lower extremities. " 12/25/2018 - "Integrated minimally invasive surgery is safe, effective and less invasive for iliac vein compression syndrome with varicose veins of lower extremities."