Polydipsia

Excessive thirst manifested by excessive fluid intake. It is characteristic of many diseases such as DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS; and NEPHROGENIC DIABETES INSIPIDUS. The condition may be psychogenic in origin.

Also Known As:

Networked: 1204 relevant articles (85 outcomes, 85 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Polyuria
2.	Hyperphagia (Overeating)
3.	Hyperglycemia
4.	Weight Loss (Weight Reduction)
5.	Body Weight (Weight, Body)

Experts

1.	Hawken, Emily R: 6 articles (01/2019 - 02/2002)
2.	Nakamura, Jun: 6 articles (06/2014 - 05/2003)
3.	Shinkai, Takahiro: 6 articles (06/2014 - 05/2003)
4.	Flores, P: 5 articles (01/2021 - 02/2006)
5.	Grobe, Justin L: 5 articles (01/2021 - 03/2011)
6.	Sigmund, Curt D: 5 articles (01/2021 - 03/2011)
7.	Christ-Crain, Mirjam: 5 articles (05/2020 - 06/2015)
8.	Arima, Hiroshi: 5 articles (03/2020 - 11/2008)
9.	Grant, Kathleen A: 5 articles (01/2020 - 10/2008)
10.	Bernal, Antonio: 5 articles (10/2019 - 12/2008)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Polydipsia:

1.	Glucose (Dextrose)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2010 - "Eleven months later, thirst and polydipsia occurred with increased fasting plasma glucose level and the patient was diagnosed with type 1A diabetes. " 01/01/2018 - "There was a significant improvement of polyuria and polydipsia and glucose concentrations in both groups. " 12/15/2021 - "A boy, aged 1 year and 6 months, was found to have persistent positive urine glucose at the age of 4 months, with polydipsia, polyuria, and growth retardation. " 09/01/2020 - "The urine glucose (UG) measurements are an integral part of urinalyses, especially in dogs with polyuria and polydipsia. " 01/01/2013 - "Classic osmotic symptoms are usually less prominent in older age because of an increased renal threshold for glucose, resulting in reduced polyuria, and impairment of thirst sensation, resulting in reduced polydipsia. "
2.	Clozapine (Clozaril)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2010 - "The present study lends further support to the hypothesis that non-regulatory drinking induced by QNP in rats is a robust and reliable pharmacological effect that might model psychotic polydipsia also in its sensitivity to clozapine." 01/01/1996 - "Recent case reports and open studies have shown that clozapine improves both polydipsia and water retention. " 09/30/2006 - "This is a rare case of clozapine treatment of a non-schizophrenic patient affected by polydipsia." 05/01/2001 - "Independent tests of fluid consumption failed to show enhanced fluid intake after clozapine pretreatment, suggesting this effect was not due to drug induced polydipsia. " 10/01/1997 - "A short pilot study revealed that a number of polydipsia patients on Clozaril along with other interventions were successfully discharged from the hospital."
3.	Blood Glucose (Blood Sugar)IBA 12/13/2022 - "A 12-year-old girl was referred to our clinic, after high blood sugar was detected in the hospital where she suffered with the complaints of poliuria and polydipsia for the last 1 month. " 02/28/2017 - "Our results suggest that administration of MENS could significantly improve diabetes animal model on blood sugar homeostasis, diabetic polydipsia, biochemistries, and tissue damage. " 01/01/2021 - "Cor administration ameliorated the diabetes-related symptoms of polydipsia and polyphagia and lowered the fasting blood glucose (FBG) level. " 09/01/2019 - "His random blood glucose level was 19.61 mmol/L, and he showed dry mouth, polydipsia, and polyuria. " 03/19/2010 - "They were matched on age and sex with controls (n = 296), who were attendants sitting in the medical out patient department of the same hospital, recruited on the basis of absence of classical symptoms of polyuria and polydipsia along with random blood glucose level of <200 mg/dl measured by a glucometer. "
4.	Antipsychotic Agents (Antipsychotics)IBA 10/01/2020 - "We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO, and included clinical studies and case reports on polydipsia induced or improved by antipsychotics. " 10/01/2020 - "Relationship between polydipsia and antipsychotics: A systematic review of clinical studies and case reports." 10/01/2020 - "This systematic review aimed to elucidate the relationship between polydipsia and antipsychotics. " 01/01/2011 - "Antipsychotics have also been used in the treatment of polydipsia; however, their role is not clear as there are reports of antipsychotics both improving and causing polydipsia. " 03/01/2007 - "Atypical antipsychotics and polydipsia: a cause or a treatment?"
5.	SaltsIBA 01/01/2013 - "Animals deprived of food/salt showed a significant reduction (on day 2) in the initial (day 1) polydipsia, which increased on day 3 when the animals had access to a standard-salt diet. " 09/02/1996 - "Chronic intermittent salt loading enhances functional recovery from polydipsia and survival of vasopressinergic cells in the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus following transection of the hypophysial stalk." 05/01/1992 - "Animals were fed the LS diet or a control salt diet and treated with vehicle or the lowest dose of EP sufficient to prevent polydipsia (7.5 mg.kg-1.day-1) in rats fed the LS diet. " 01/01/1971 - "Restraint, unusual vestibular sensations, and the continuing polydipsia all acted to disturb the central mechanisms affecting salt and water metabolism; it is probable that the function of the kidney was significantly affected and that an excessive amount of salt was lost. " 01/01/2011 - "These studies further demonstrate that whereas single deletion of pendrin or NCC does not cause salt wasting in mutant mice under baseline conditions, double knockout of pendrin and NCC causes profound polyuria and polydipsia, along with salt wasting under basal conditions. "
6.	Deamino Arginine Vasopressin (Desmopressin)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/2020 - "She had polydipsia and hypernatraemia on presentation and responded to intranasal desmopressin with normalization of above-mentioned findings. " 03/01/2008 - "Treatment via conjunctival administration of DDAVP failed to attenuate the polydipsia, however, resolution of polydipsia was achieved with subcutaneous administration of DDAVP and the cat remains eudipsic with twice daily subcutaneous DDAVP administration 17 months after diagnosis." 12/01/2005 - "Treatment via conjunctival administration of DDAVP failed to attenuate the polydipsia, however, resolution of polydipsia was achieved with subcutaneous administration of DDAVP and the cat remains eudipsic with twice daily subcutaneous DDAVP administration 17 months after diagnosis." 03/01/2018 - "To differentiate between the causes of the polyuria-polydipsia syndrome, a water deprivation test combined with desmopressin administration is the diagnostic 'gold standard'. " 04/01/2006 - "Furthermore, because polyuria and polydipsia were improved nine months later, desmopressin acetate was stopped. "
7.	PotassiumIBA 02/01/1984 - "During the increase in potassium intake there was a marked polydipsia. " 08/01/2019 - "Serum potassium normalized with improvement in polyuria and polydipsia over the next month. " 01/01/2009 - "The key assumption of our hypothesis is that in some of these patients, polydipsia and hyponatremia are consequences of patients' adjustment to a prolonged intake of an insufficient diet, dominantly poor in potassium. " 11/01/1993 - "Polyuria, polydipsia, and decreases in serum potassium and BUN concentrations were detected while the dogs were being treated. " 02/01/1953 - "Renal hypertrophy and polydipsia in potassium-deficient rats."
8.	Desoxycorticosterone Acetate (DOCA)FDA Link 02/19/1981 - "Unusual concentration of urine and prevention of polydipsia by fungal prenylphenols in DOCA hypertensive rats." 10/01/1987 - "These results suggest that chronic administration of L-5-HTP provides significant protection against the development of DOCA-induced hypertension, polydipsia, polyuria, and cardiac hypertrophy in rats. " 01/01/1982 - "ALA rats exhibited marked polydipsia, decreased body weight, hypernatremia, hypokalemia, cardiomegaly, and kidney enlargement, whereas DOCA rats exhibited only cardiomegaly when compared with controls. " 01/01/1984 - "A syndrome of polydipsia and polyuria is described in the intact adult Yucatan miniature boar following implantation of silicone rubber strips impregnated with desoxycorticosterone-acetate (DOCA). " 11/01/1986 - "These results suggest that tryptophan provides significant protection against the development of DOCA-induced hypertension, polydipsia, and cardiac hypertrophy in rats. "
9.	SodiumIBA 04/01/2004 - "Additionally, validity of the PST was supported using a medical record history of polydipsia, low serum sodium, and low specific gravity." 06/01/2003 - "Polydipsia-related hyponatraemia is a mixed disorder, in which about half of sodium decrease is due to solute loss. " 12/01/2000 - "Whole body bioelectrical impedance, total body water and extracellular water and serum sodium were measured in 10 chronic psychiatric inpatients with polydipsia. " 10/08/1996 - "Once polydipsia and sodium appetite developed, these rats were mated. " 10/08/1996 - "Once polydipsia and sodium appetite (tested by measuring water and a 2.7% NaCl intakes) developed, they were mated. "
10.	Insulin (Novolin)FDA Link 05/01/2021 - "Polyuria and polydipsia persisted despite euglycemia under insulin treatment. " 03/01/2014 - "Case 3 (11-year-old girl) presented with polyuria and polydipsia (HbA1c level: 10.1%) and was initially treated with insulin. " 05/01/2002 - "(3) The increase of hypothalamic NPY in STZ diabetic rats associated with hyperphagia and polydipsia could be reversed by insulin replacement, suggesting that increased hypothalamic NPY contributes to the pathophysiological progress of the diabetic state. " 06/01/1988 - "It is proposed that the adult Stz-diabetic rat responds to a loss of available insulin by polyphagia, polydipsia, and catabolism of adipose and muscle tissue and that a large percentage of available synthetic fuel is devoted to the production of additional intestinal tissue." 03/01/1984 - "These results indicate that gross cardiac contractile function can be normalized with insulin dosages that are not sufficient to correct hyperglycemia, polydipsia, or body and heart weight.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)"

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 01/01/2021 - "Decreased polydipsia symptoms were observed after treatment with 250 (p < 0.001) and 500 mg/kg (p < 0.01) compared with diabetic control, although normal rates were observed when 125 mg/kg was administered. " 06/01/2003 - "Polyuria and/or polydipsia, present in 11 horses, was reduced in all after treatment. " 07/01/1999 - "A 16-year-old boy presented with a four-month history of polyuria-polydipsia and a diplopia which had reverted after treatment. " 08/01/2008 - "Twenty-three days after treatment, polydipsia and polyuria were relieved, and acidosis, kaliopenia and anemia were improved in the patient. " 01/01/1987 - "The polydipsia and hyperphagia of the streptozotocin diabetic mice were also reduced by Xiaoke, and the effects lapsed after treatment was withdrawn. "
2.	Therapeutics 08/01/1994 - "Polydipsia decreased and appetite and weight gain improved within 14 days of therapy. " 06/15/2016 - "Effective and Cheap Behavioral Modification Therapy to Manage Complicated Polydipsia and Seizures in a Chronic Mental Health Institute." 01/01/1987 - "Moreover, antidiuretic therapy greatly reduces thirst and polydipsia as well as polyuria. " 04/07/1976 - "[Diagnosis and therapy of polyuria-polydipsia syndromes]." 08/01/2011 - "To rapidly initiate appropriate therapy, the possibility of DI should always be kept in mind while evaluating patients who have polyuria and polydipsia after severe postpartum bleeding. "
3.	Ligation 03/01/1989 - "However, when subjected to the bilateral ureter ligation, the experimental animals still outdrink the control ones, thus also suggesting a primary component of the polydipsia under study. " 04/01/1969 - "At the same time there was a fall in urine flow and excretion of electrolyte, especially after caval ligation above the renal veins, so that the animals ended the initial 6 hr period in positive fluid balance.2. Caval ligation was relatively ineffective as a stimulus to drinking after bilateral nephrectomy, but was effective in rats made anuric by ureteric ligation.3. Rats subjected to caval ligation and offered a choice between water and 1.8% saline (w/v) drank water, despite the increasing hypotonicity of the body fluids thereby resulting.4. During the secondary polydipsia, which generally occurred on about the third day after caval ligation as renal function was recovering, there was an increased preference for 1.8% saline.5. Constriction of the aorta above the renal arteries, or constriction of both renal arteries, also caused drinking, oliguria and the development of positive fluid balance.6. Constriction of the aorta below the renal arteries, or after nephrectomy, was ineffective as a stimulus to drinking.7. Saline extracts of renal cortex caused rats in normal water balance to drink. "
4.	Injections 03/01/1988 - "The injections preceded each of 15 schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP) acquisition sessions in which the subjects bar-pressed for food pellets on a fixed interval 60-sec schedule of reinforcement. " 04/15/1952 - "Polydipsia caused by intrahypothalamic injections of hypertonic NaCl-solutions." 10/01/2008 - "Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with five injections of quinpirole (0.5 mg/kg i.p.) to induce polydipsia. " 01/01/1993 - "ANG II (40 ng/rat; ICV) was administered 10 min later and rats were allowed free access to water for 15 min. Injections of ANG II plus saline and ANG II plus the ISR vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide) did not attenuate ANG II-induced polydipsia, whereas ANG II+ISR (0.3 and 3.0 micrograms) attenuated ANG II-induced drinking to 62 and 22% of control, respectively. " 11/25/1985 - "Animals that eat and/or drink in response to electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus (ESLH-pos) are more responsive to both schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP) tests and a series of amphetamine (AMPH) injections than animals that do not exhibit these behaviors (ESLH-neg). "
5.	Oral Administration 03/28/2014 - "Oral administration of SAT did not exhibit toxicity and death at a dose not more than 2000 mg/kg. SAT dose-dependently improved the symptoms of polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia and weight loss in diabetic rats. " 01/01/1980 - "A behavioral method is described in which fixed-ratio 15 (FR 15) responding for food is measured before and after daily oral administration of l-alpha-acetylmethadol (LAAM) by schedule-induced polydipsia. " 01/15/2022 - "The oral administration of AA in preclinical model of T2DM significantly normalized FBG and RBG, restored BW, controlled polyphagia, polydipsia and glucose tolerance. " 12/01/1992 - "While the oral administration caused saline polydipsia and polyuria typical of chronic systemic mineralocorticoid excess, the icv licorice derivatives produced hypertension without affecting saline appetite. " 05/15/1979 - "Several factors may have contributed to the decrease in urine struvite concentration, including eradication of a urease-producing Proteus sp from the urinary tract and induction of polydipsia and compensatory polyuria by oral administration of sodium chloride."