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Dehydration (Water Stress)

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The condition that results from excessive loss of water from a living organism.

Also Known As:

Water Stress; Stress, Water

Networked: 9736 relevant articles (241 outcomes, 647 trials/studies) for this Disease, Comments

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Disease Context: Research Results

Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases
- Metabolic Diseases: 2073
  - Water-Electrolyte Imbalance: 24
    - Dehydration: 9736
Signs and Symptoms Pathological Conditions
- Pathologic Processes: 3289
  - Dehydration: 9736

Related Diseases

1.	Diarrhea
2.	Gastroenteritis
3.	Cholera
4.	Vomiting
5.	Acidosis

Experts

1.	Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, Kazuko: 19 articles (02/2012 - 01/2002)
2.	Shinozaki, Kazuo: 19 articles (02/2012 - 01/2002)
3.	Suryanarayanan, Raj: 11 articles (11/2010 - 07/2004)
4.	Zhang, Jianhua: 10 articles (01/2013 - 08/2002)
5.	Lee, Richard E: 10 articles (12/2012 - 07/2007)
6.	Denlinger, David L: 9 articles (12/2012 - 07/2007)
7.	Maruyama, Kyonoshin: 9 articles (01/2012 - 06/2003)
8.	Buckel, Wolfgang: 8 articles (08/2012 - 04/2002)
9.	van der Donk, Wilfred A: 8 articles (07/2011 - 10/2004)
10.	Seki, Motoaki: 8 articles (11/2009 - 10/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Dehydration:

1.	ORALIT (ORS)IBA 12/01/2010 - "After the intervention, there was a significant (p=0.000) improvement in acquaintance to the term 'ORS' (65-98%), along with its method of reconstitution from packets (13-69%); preparation of home-made sugar-salt solution (10-74%); role of both in the prevention of dehydration (30-74%) and importance of their daily preparation (74-96%); and continuation of breastfeeding during diarrhoea (47-90%) in the intervention area. " 07/01/1996 - "During the last 16 yr numerous studies were undertaken to develop an improved ORS that could, in addition to being effective therapy to treat and prevent dehydration, reduce severity and duration of diarrhoea. " 03/01/2005 - "The plantain flour-based solution proved effective and safe in correcting dehydration; however the antidiarrhoeal properties of ORS/plaintain were not demonstrated." 01/01/2007 - "This study sought to assess whether mothers' understanding of diarrhoea-related dehydration influenced their use of ORS in home treatment. " 10/01/2007 - "ORS are not well known, prescribed or used and that may explain for the most part the dehydration and deaths which occur in France. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Glucose (Dextrose)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/1978 - "A pilot study is presented which attempted to determine the efficacy of glucose-electrolyte treatment via nasogastric tube in moderately severe dehydration. " 02/01/2001 - "Glucose production and disposal were decreased during the fasting study and increased during the dehydration study compared with the control study. " 02/01/2001 - "Fasting resulted in reduced plasma glucose concentrations compared with the control study, while dehydration resulted in increased plasma glucose concentrations compared with the control study (P < .001). " 08/01/1997 - "Holstein bullocks were used in this study to compare the effectiveness of five commercial parenteral fluids (saline IS, Hartmann's IH, 5%-glucose 5G, Ringers IR, and 1/2 Ringer's and 2.5% glucose combination solutions RG) in correcting the disturbances associated with dehydration induced by fasting for 48 hr. These five commercial fluids (30 ml/kg) were given to bullocks with dehydration induced by fasting for 48 hr. Arterial and venous blood samples were taken before fasting, and at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 240, 360 min, and 24 hr after initiation of fluid administration. " 03/01/1996 - "Studies of the production and actions of the natural cryoprotectant, glucose, in frogs have shown its importance in maintaining a critical minimum cell volume in frozen organs and new work on the metabolic effects of whole body dehydration in 3 species of frogs has indicated that adaptations supporting freeze tolerance grew out of mechanisms that deal with desiccation resistance in amphibians. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	SodiumIBA 09/01/1985 - "Both treatments were found adequate and equally effective for the correction of dehydration and sodium deficit. " 03/01/1983 - "The results of this study suggest that oral sugar electrolyte solution with sodium concentration of 90 mEq/l is safe and effective in the majority of infants with diarrhoeal dehydration of diverse causes. " 01/01/1997 - "Plasma sodium normalized within 30 min. Experimental studies from our laboratory indicate that the ICP lowering effect is primarily due to dehydration of brain tissue and that cerebral blood volume remains largely unaffected by HS. " 01/01/1996 - "Despite small differences in sodium and water reabsorption following dehydration, it appears from other study that recovery from dehydrating exercise in well-trained men and women is remarkably similar." 08/01/2012 - "The decade in which the case was reported was the strongest predictor of outcome (P < .001), followed by sodium dysregulation (P = .045) and dehydration (P = .07)." Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Sucrose (Saccharose)IBA 12/01/1995 - "The rapid protocol using dehydration in 0.25 mol/l and 0.5 mol/l sucrose followed by exposure to 7.0 mol/l PROH and 0.5 mol/l sucrose for 45 s was the most effective for cryopreservation of pronuclear stage mouse embryos." 01/01/2006 - "Furthermore, A seems not to be effective in predicting sucrose accumulation, although it was very effective in detecting the occurrence of plant water stress. " 05/01/2012 - "We found that this tolerance occurs irrespective of ambient dehydration conditions, and that the addition of sucrose during dry-down improved cell recovery. " 09/01/2001 - "The efficacy of sucrose combined with CaCl2 during osmotic dehydration (OD) was tested for the control of Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum acutatum, and Penicillium expansum growth on lightly processed apple slices. " 08/01/1976 - "An 8-day sucrose treatment following temporary water stress improved the quality of flowers and reduced the level of ABA in the petals. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	TrehaloseIBA 07/01/2003 - "During the dehydration process, larvae accumulate large amounts of trehalose, which provides effective protection against desiccation because of its high capacity for water replacement and vitrification. " 07/01/1998 - "The disaccharide trehalose is found to be effective for stabilization of active recombinant retroviruses in an amorphous dry state achieved through ambient-temperature vacuum dehydration of retroviral supernatants. " 01/01/2003 - "As dehydration-induced damage is in correlation with osmotic response recovery and is hindered or buffered by the presence of trehalose, it may be related to water eliminated from biological structures involved in water permeation." 12/14/2009 - "The study also underlines that the characterization of the average phase by conventional XRPD and DSC techniques is not sufficient to describe the dehydration mechanisms of alpha,alpha-trehalose particles. " 04/01/2009 - "In this study, we examined how rates and levels of dehydration alter heat and cold tolerance and how these relate to levels of trehalose within the insect. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
6.	Glycerol (Glycerine)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2000 - "As a chemical medium for preservation of tissues, glycerin has shown good results because it maintains the cellular integrity despite the tissue dehydration it causes. " 02/01/2006 - "Protection against low temperature injury, as well as dehydration, was also attained by injection of exogenous glycerol into third instar larvae. " 12/01/2009 - "Studies have shown that beverages containing glycerol can enhance and maintain hydration status and may improve endurance exercise performance by attenuating adverse physiological changes associated with dehydration. " 01/01/2002 - "All patients underwent laminar tonal audiometry, stapedial reflex study, Glycerol dehydration test, Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) vestibular examination. " 04/01/2000 - "If BIA appears to adequately predict changes in TBW after heat-induced dehydration and glycerol hyperhydration, further studies including measures of TBW and ECW by dilution tracer methods would be necessary to establish the validity of using the BIA method to measure such changes and to interpret ECW variations." Order ALL the reference details at left...
7.	Citric Acid (Citrate)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/2007 - "Results suggest that blanching carrot slices, particularly blanching in 0.21% citric acid, before drying should enhance inactivation of Salmonella during home-type dehydration and storage." 01/01/1986 - "Effective treatment of diarrhoeal dehydration with an oral rehydration solution containing citrate." 12/15/1998 - "This study determined the recession rates of peritubular dentin and intertubular dentin as a function of pH during demineralization in citric acid solutions (0.0005-2.5M) and the effects of dehydration and rehydration on the partially demineralized dentin. " 12/15/1998 - "Effect of citric acid concentration on dentin demineralization, dehydration, and rehydration: atomic force microscopy study." 01/01/1986 - "In a double-blind, randomized trial, we compared the efficacy of bicarbonate-containing oral rehydration solution vs citrate-containing solution in the treatment of infantile diarrheal dehydration and acidosis. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
8.	AcetoneIBA 04/21/2000 - "Dehydration in acetone provides good results. " 05/01/2003 - "Use of acetone combines fixation and dehydration. " 12/01/2001 - "This was followed by dehydration at -20 degrees C in acetone. " 01/01/1997 - "Since the introduction of the plastination process by von Hagens [Anat Rec 194/2: 247-256, 1979], the cost of acetone used for the dehydration step has been considered an important factor in the cost of plastination. " 11/01/1995 - "The VIP reaction product proved resistant to loss during post-fixation in OSO4 and dehydration in acetone. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
9.	Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol)IBA 04/01/2010 - "To evaluate the efficacy of simplified dehydration protocols, in the absence of tubular occlusion, on bond strength and interfacial nanoleakage of a hydrophobic experimental adhesive blend to acid-etched, ethanol-dehydrated dentine immediately and after 6 months. " 11/01/2010 - "Since short ethanol dehydration protocols may be ineffective, this study tested the null hypothesis that there are no differences in ethanol dehydration protocols for maintaining the surface roughness, fibril diameter, and interfibrillar spaces of acid-etched dentin. " 06/11/1993 - "This study showed that this difference was due to an artifact of tissue processing (ethanol dehydration) and was not due to uptake and transport of the two tracers by two different subpopulations of bladder afferents." 11/19/1984 - "An earlier study showed that pregnant rats given ethanol in drinking water exhibited a significant degree of dehydration. " 07/01/1984 - "Scintillation studies on the uptake of 63Ni2+ by Pseudomonas tabaci demonstrate an incorporation of approximately 2.5 nmol per 10(10) bacterial cells, in medium containing 12 nmol (8.3 microCi) per ml. Over 80% of the incorporated Ni2+ is lost from the cells during washing, fixation and dehydration with ethanol. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
10.	SaltsIBA 11/01/1992 - "Different degrees of hydration were observed for the solid salts, and an assessment of hydrate stability to dehydration was made from thermogravimetric studies. " 01/01/1980 - "When the intake period of the drinks with salts was extended it was found that voluntary dehydration decreased and amounted to 10% of sweat rate on the last day of the study. " 09/01/2012 - "Incomplete dehydration of the hydrate Py and Pz salts progressively modifies the thermogram profiles and originates false information. " 02/01/2008 - "Under non-illuminating conditions, stresses such as low temperature or high concentrations of salts transform the plasmodia into spherules whereas dehydration induces sclerotization. " 12/24/2007 - "Our strategy is to focus on some salts that undergo a nonreversible dehydration-hydration process without loss of crystallinity. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Fluid Therapy (Oral Rehydration Therapy) 01/01/2010 - "Future pharmacoeconomic analyses of rehydration therapy should incorporate time-motion analyses comprising a consistent set of variables to determine the most cost-effective treatment modality for patients with mild to moderate dehydration." 01/01/2010 - "Although most treatment guidelines recommend ORT as first-line treatment for mild to moderate dehydration, IVRT remains the predominant route of administration for rehydration fluids in the acute care setting in the US. " 01/01/1988 - "Prevention and early correction of acute dehydration with oral rehydration is the most physiological approach to the successful management of acute diarrhoeas, which generally have a self-limited course. " 06/01/2010 - "The evidence suggests that the majority of children with mild to moderate dehydration can be treated successfully with oral rehydration therapy. " 05/01/2010 - "This study shows that using spoon to rehydrate is more effective for the rehydration of moderate dehydration. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Oral Administration 07/01/2000 - "A simple strategy, based on a NG infusion plus an oral administration of flour has proven safe and effective in encompassing those difficulties encountered in the treatment and prevention of dehydration in developing countries where the therapy, in children affected by diarrhoea, still represents a major daily occupation." 04/01/2006 - "After oral administration in the rat model of dehydration, the AUC was significantly greater than that in controls (10800 versus 7060 microg min/ml) due mainly to a significantly smaller Ae(0-24 h) than in controls (3.50% and 6.17% of oral dose)." 03/01/2005 - "However, after oral administration to rats with dehydration, the AUC was significantly smaller than that in control rats (180 versus 316 microg min/ml) mainly due to decrease in absorption. " 07/01/1993 - "We therefore propose that oral administration of CLT may prevent red cell dehydration in patients with sickle cell anemia." 10/01/2007 - "After oral administration of metformin to the rat model of dehydration, the AUC was significantly greater (99.2% increase) than the controls." Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Resuscitation 05/01/1993 - "The purpose of our studies was to determine whether hypertonic (7.5%) saline (HTS) resuscitation is effective in the setting of dehydration. " 11/01/1994 - "[Study of mechanism of selective head cooling-dehydration combined therapy for brain resuscitation: effect on function of brain cellular membrane]." 06/01/2012 - "Secondary outcomes included arrival to hospital by ambulance, hospitalization for dehydration, for injury, any hospitalization involving resuscitation or assisted ventilation, and all-cause mortality. " 02/01/2012 - "On exam he was hypotensive, tachycardic, with evidence of severe dehydration following ingestion of raw venison sashimi produced with game meat hunted on the Hawaiian island of Lana'i. He responded rapidly to vigorous volume resuscitation, and stool cultures later were positive for Salmonella Birkenhead. " 04/01/1996 - "These data suggest that small volume HSD resuscitation is effective, even with pre-existing dehydration. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Lenses 07/01/2009 - "The quantitative parameters derived from the dehydration curves showed statistically significant differences between worn and unworn lenses regarding the initial dehydration rate and ability to maintain their original hydration. " 01/01/2001 - "The loss of lens mass following dehydration of Resolution 55G lenses, calculated with the change in lens relative water content was found to correlate very well with an in vitro study of the same material. " 10/01/1999 - "The purpose of the study was to evaluate the on-eye dehydration over time, of molded omafilcon A lenses (Proclear Compatibles) compared to a range of frequent replacement lenses. " 07/01/2009 - "Worn lenses showed shorter phase I duration (decreased by 30 to 60% compared to unworn samples), a significantly faster initial dehydration rate (increased by about 1%/minute), and lower water retention index (decreased by 10 to 20%) as derived from the initial cumulative dehydration. " 01/01/2007 - "It is observed that lenses which contain more bulk-water are prone to lens dehydration and corneal desiccation. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 10/01/2012 - "The mainstay of therapy is presently the removal of aggravating factors (dehydration, hypercalcaemia, nephrotoxic drugs) and the prompt institution of rapidly acting novel chemotherapy combinations. " 02/01/2000 - "Hydration was stable during afebrile periods except for transient intra- and extracellular dehydration after chemotherapy. " 01/01/1986 - "In the period immediately following the at-home administration, no patient required hospitalization for dehydration or for adverse reactions to the chemotherapy. " 10/01/1956 - "Biochemical principles in pharmacy; enzymology: chemotherapy: disinfection: dehydration and life processes: cell architecture." 01/01/1988 - "Generally, the management of acute diarrhoea is simply to stop the dehydration rather than the diarrhoea, not with drug therapy but with oral rehydration therapy." Order ALL the reference details at left...

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