Retrograde Ejaculation

The flow of SEMINAL FLUID, from the posterior URETHRA, backwards into the BLADDER. Causes include injuries such as from SPINAL CORD INJURIES; DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES; surgeries in adjacent tissues such as AORTIC ANEURYSM surgeries and transurethral bladder neck incisions; or drug side effects.

Also Known As:

Networked: 276 relevant articles (18 outcomes, 19 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Erectile Dysfunction
2.	Contracture
3.	Ejaculatory Dysfunction
4.	Prostatic Hyperplasia (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia)
5.	Infections

Experts

1.	Montorsi, Francesco: 3 articles (05/2015 - 05/2006)
2.	Gittelman, Marc C: 3 articles (01/2013 - 06/2009)
3.	Hill, Lawrence A: 3 articles (01/2013 - 06/2009)
4.	Hoel, Gary: 3 articles (01/2013 - 06/2009)
5.	Marks, Leonard S: 3 articles (01/2013 - 06/2009)
6.	McMahon, Chris G: 3 articles (01/2013 - 07/2004)
7.	Rowland, David: 3 articles (01/2013 - 07/2004)
8.	Volinn, Weining: 3 articles (01/2013 - 06/2009)
9.	Desai, Mihir: 2 articles (01/2022 - 10/2019)
10.	Wei, Qiang: 2 articles (01/2022 - 10/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Retrograde Ejaculation:

1.	Tamsulosin (Flomax)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/2006 - "A significant improvement in retrograde ejaculation was found after intermittent tamsulosin treatment (p = 0.02). " 02/01/2006 - "Patients were assessed at study entry and at study week 6. Abnormal ejaculation was reported as retrograde ejaculation by 18 patients, as decreased volume by 7 and as absent ejaculate by 5. Ejaculatory function recovered during intermittent tamsulosin treatment in 12 patients with retrograde ejaculation and in 7 with decreased volume or absent ejaculate. " 01/01/2000 - "Although indirect comparisons between different studies suggest a higher risk of retrograde ejaculation with tamsulosin, this hypothesis failed to be confirmed in direct comparative RCTs." 01/01/2019 - "The results of the current meta-analysis indicated that tamsulosin was superior to placebo in its effi-cacy for distal ureteral stones though retrograde ejaculation was worse with tamsulosin use. " 01/01/2019 - "Even though tamsulosin has a higher incidence of retrograde ejaculation than placebo, no significant difference was observed in the incidence of other adverse events. "
2.	silodosinFDA Link 03/31/2017 - "The improvement in IPPS and Qmax was significantly higher in TUIP group compared to silodosin group (p = 0.005, p = 0.000) with a lower rate of retrograde ejaculation (RE) in TUIP group. " 01/01/2018 - "Silodosin showed better efficacy in the stone expulsion rate and time with comparable safety of both drugs, with nonsignificant more retrograde ejaculation in silodosin." 01/01/2018 - "The adverse effects were comparable with non-significant more retrograde ejaculation in the silodosin group. " 03/31/2017 - "Comparison of transurethral incision of the prostate and silodosin in patients having benign prostatic obstruction in terms of retrograde ejaculation." 05/01/2015 - "Silodosin was associated with significantly higher adverse event (AE) rates, compared with placebo, in all patient subgroups, with retrograde ejaculation being the most common. "
3.	ThuliumIBA 11/18/2016 - "In patients with PBNO, it is possible to perform endoscopic treatment with Thulium laser that we think is an effective and safe procedure, not affecting sexual functioning and particularly retrograde ejaculation." 09/01/2015 - "This study aimed to assess the effect of thulium laser enucleation of the prostate (ThuLEP) on sexual function and retrograde ejaculation in patients with LUTS secondary to BPH. " 01/01/2012 - "Risk of erectile dysfunction and retrograde ejaculation associated with thulium laser vaporesection of the prostate for bladder outflow obstruction: a retrospective study." 01/01/2012 - "The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of erectile dysfunction and retrograde ejaculation following thulium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Tm:YAG) laser prostate vaporesection (ThuVaRP). "
4.	CollagenIBA 11/03/2017 - "The present study describes the first successful treatment of a congenital retrograde ejaculation case with a submucosal collagen injection to the bladder neck. " 11/03/2017 - "The submucosal bladder neck collagen injection is a minimally invasive technique that quickly restores anterograde ejaculation and should be considered in the patients with congenital or acquired retrograde ejaculation and for those who did not respond to the medical treatment." 11/03/2017 - "Bladder Neck Collagen Injection in the Treatment of Congenital Retrograde Ejaculation: A Case Report." 10/01/2004 - "Analysis of retrograde ejaculation using color Doppler ultrasonography before and after transurethral collagen injection." 10/01/2004 - "Transurethral bladder neck collagen injection therapy was performed in a patient with retrograde ejaculation. "
5.	Amoxapine (Asendin)FDA Link 08/01/2011 - "A 39-year-old physician was diagnosed retrograde ejaculation due to diabetes and treated with amoxapine. " 02/01/1982 - "Case report of inhibition of ejaculation and retrograde ejaculation as side effects of amoxapine." 10/01/2020 - "We treated the patient with amoxapine (an antidepressant), which led to improvement in retrograde ejaculation." 05/01/2017 - "Randomized Crossover Trial of Amoxapine Versus Vitamin B12 for Retrograde Ejaculation." 05/01/2017 - "To compare the efficacy and safety of amoxapine and vitamin B12 for treating retrograde ejaculation (RE). "
6.	Imipramine (Janimine)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/1999 - "In conclusion, temporary oral intake of imipramine is an effective and safe treatment to re-establish antegrade ejaculation in patients with retrograde ejaculation following retroperitoneal surgery, thus providing possibilities for paternity either through intercourse or by assisted fertilization." 07/01/2023 - "In case of retrograde ejaculation, sperm collection can be attempted by rectal electrostimulation or after off-label administration of imipramine from postmasturbatory urine. " 10/01/2012 - "Because a urinalysis after ejaculation indicated retrograde ejaculation, imipramine administration was started. " 06/01/1999 - "Imipramine for successful treatment of retrograde ejaculation caused by retroperitoneal surgery." 12/01/1981 - "Treatment of retrograde ejaculation using imipramine."
7.	PseudoephedrineFDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2017 - "Overall, in men with retrograde ejaculation treated with a pseudoephedrine regimen prior to ejaculation, some improvement in seminal parameters occurred in 14 (70%) patients, with 10 patients (38.5% of all patients) achieving antegrade total sperm counts over 39 million." 01/01/2017 - "We evaluated the efficacy of pseudoephedrine treatment in patients with retrograde ejaculation, utilizing a yet undescribed short-period treatment protocol. " 01/01/2017 - "Efficacy of treatment with pseudoephedrine in men with retrograde ejaculation." 01/01/2017 - "Of the 12 complete retrograde ejaculation patients treated with pseudoephedrine prior to semen analysis, 7 (58.3%) recovered spermatozoa in the antegrade ejaculate, with a mean total sperm count of 273.5 ± 172.5 million. " 01/01/2017 - "Twenty men were medically treated with pseudoephedrine for retrograde ejaculation between January 2010 and May 2016 (12 with complete retrograde ejaculation and 8 with partial retrograde ejaculation). "
8.	SolutionsIBA 04/01/2008 - "Development and in vitro testing of a new method of urine preparation for retrograde ejaculation; the Liverpool solution." 11/01/1988 - "Viable sperm were collected from men suffering from retrograde ejaculation by the technique of rapid washing of semen/urine in a buffered collection solution. " 06/01/1998 - "To determine the safety and efficacy of the introduction of a low-electrolyte solution into the bladder before masturbation for sperm recovery in patients with retrograde ejaculation. " 06/01/1998 - "The introduction of a glucose solution appears to be a safe and simple method for sperm recovery in patients with retrograde ejaculation." 06/01/1998 - "Successful pregnancy with sperm retrieved from the bladder after the introduction of a low-electrolyte solution for retrograde ejaculation."
9.	GonadotropinsIBA 10/01/1998 - "Treatment consisted of phlebotomies followed by gonadotropins, which corrected retrograde ejaculation and improved semen characteristics. " 10/01/1978 - "Appropriate treatment of retrograde ejaculation, chronic infections of the genital tract, or gonadotropin deficiency is indicated. "
10.	ElectrolytesIBA 10/01/2011 - "Unfortunately, these procedures have complications including bleeding (often requiring transfusion in 7%-13% of cases), electrolyte abnormalities (2% TURP syndrome), erectile dysfunction (6%-10%), and retrograde ejaculation (50%-75%). " 06/01/1998 - "To determine the safety and efficacy of the introduction of a low-electrolyte solution into the bladder before masturbation for sperm recovery in patients with retrograde ejaculation. " 06/01/1998 - "Successful pregnancy with sperm retrieved from the bladder after the introduction of a low-electrolyte solution for retrograde ejaculation."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Transurethral Resection of Prostate (TURP) 01/01/2013 - "TURP remains the gold standard treatment, but the retrograde ejaculation or the decreased ejaculate volume after TURP was associated with considerable bother. " 08/01/1988 - "The incidence of repeat bladder neck incision or transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) compared well with the incidence reported in other studies, as did the recorded incidence of retrograde ejaculation at 16%, although 52.5% of patients noted a reduction in the volume of ejaculate." 03/01/2023 - "To explore the effect of complete preservation of the seminal tract during transurethral prostatectomy (TURP) on reducing retrograde ejaculation in BPH patients. " 04/01/2022 - "We carried out a meta-analysis to compare postoperative International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) scores and incidences of retrograde ejaculation (RE) in patients undergoing either Tm:YAG or TURP. " 01/13/2021 - "More extended TURP can lead to a higher incidence of ED and retrograde ejaculation in BPH patients without sexual dysfunction before TURP. "
2.	Therapeutics 05/01/2005 - "Among surgical therapies, transurethral resection of the prostate remains the gold standard, but is associated with a high incidence of sexual side-effects, especially retrograde ejaculation. " 02/01/2012 - "Systematic search of studies using search terms "management" or "therapy" or "treatment" and "retrograde ejaculation." We excluded case reports and papers not in English. " 02/01/2016 - "Needle-pricking therapy has advantages for functional retrograde ejaculation probably in that stimulating lumbosacral nerves can strengthen the function of pelvic floor muscles and urethral expansion muscle and regulate sexual gland axis." 02/01/2016 - "Methods Thirty-six patients with functional retrograde ejaculation were randomly divided into an observation group(19 cases) and a control group(17 cases) In the observation group,needle-pricking therapy was used at Guanyuan(CV 4) and bilateral sacral plexus nerve,lumbar 1 nerve and greater occipital nerve stimulating points,once a week. " 02/01/2016 - "To observe the clinical effects of needle-pricking therapy, a newly medical and minimally invasive technique, for functional retrograde ejaculation and to explore its mechanism. "
3.	Lasers (Laser) 11/01/2007 - "Minimal invasive treatment options (laser prostatectomy, transurethral microwave thermotherapy) have a lower rate of retrograde ejaculation in the range of 20-70%. " 11/01/2003 - "Morbidity: all of them had an operative estimated blood loss inferior to TUR and similar to prostatic incision; contact laser and vaporization had more irritative symptoms than incision, and VLAP and TUMT more than TUR; TUMT and interstitial laser have a higher rate of post operative infection; all alternatives except the ablative ones had lower percentages of urethral stenosis and retrograde ejaculation. " 11/18/2016 - "In patients with PBNO, it is possible to perform endoscopic treatment with Thulium laser that we think is an effective and safe procedure, not affecting sexual functioning and particularly retrograde ejaculation." 09/01/2015 - "This study aimed to assess the effect of thulium laser enucleation of the prostate (ThuLEP) on sexual function and retrograde ejaculation in patients with LUTS secondary to BPH. " 01/01/2012 - "Risk of erectile dysfunction and retrograde ejaculation associated with thulium laser vaporesection of the prostate for bladder outflow obstruction: a retrospective study."
4.	Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures 01/01/2013 - "In young and selected patients with prostatic obstruction, it is possible to perform a mini-invasive surgery: "Minimally Invasive Nonexpensive TURP", an effective and safe procedure, not affecting sexual function, and particularly, retrograde ejaculation."
5.	Prostatectomy (Retropubic Prostatectomy) 12/01/1985 - "This study suggests that the fluid bridge test is useful in the urodynamic evaluation of retrograde ejaculation, post-prostatectomy incontinence and vesico-urethral neuropathy." 03/01/2023 - "Prostatectomy with complete preservation of the seminal tract is not different from conventional electrosurgical resection in improving urination symptoms, while the incidence of retrograde ejaculation is significantly lower." 03/01/2020 - "The vast majority of men undergoing prostatectomy experience permanent retrograde ejaculation (RE). " 11/01/2007 - "Transurethral and open prostatectomy induce retrograde ejaculation in up to 90% of patients while their impact on erectile function is still controversially discussed. " 03/01/1987 - "The results suggested that this test was excellent for urodynamic evaluation of retrograde ejaculation, post-prostatectomy incontinence and vesicourethral neuropathy, and its value was confirmed in women with stress incontinence. "