Prostaglandin E2 attenuates lung fibroblast differentiation via inactivation of yes-associated protein signaling.

Abstract

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) has been implicated in counteracting fibroblast differentiation by TGFβ1 during pulmonary fibrosis. However, the precise mechanism is not well understood. We show here that PGE2 via EP2 R and EP4 R inhibits the expression of mechanosensory molecules Lysyl Oxidase Like 2 (LOXL2), myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A), ECM proteins, plasminogen activation inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), fibronectin (FN), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and redox sensor (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 4 (NOX4)) required for TGFβ1-mediated fibroblast differentiation. We further demonstrate that PGE2 inhibits fibrotic signaling via Yes-associated protein (YAP) but does so independently from its actions on SMAD phosphorylation and conserved cylindromatosis (CYLD; deubiquitinase) expression. Mechanistically, PGE2 phosphorylates/inactivates YAP downstream of EP2 R/Gαs and restrains its translocation to the nucleus, thus inhibiting its interaction with TEA domain family members (TEADs) and transcription of fibrotic genes. Importantly, pharmacological or siRNA-mediated inhibition of YAP significantly downregulates TGFβ1-mediated fibrotic gene expression and myofibroblast formation. Notably, YAP expression is upregulated in the lungs of D. farinae-treated wild type (WT) mice relative to saline-treated WT mice. Our results unravel a unique role for PGE2 -YAP interactions in fibroblast differentiation, and that PGE2 /YAP inhibition can be used as a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of pathological conditions associated with myofibroblasts like asthma.

• Authors: Lakshminarayan Reddy Teegala, Ravindra Gudneppanavar, Emma Elizabeth Sabu Kattuman, Matthew Snyderman, Arani Varamuniprasad Thanusha, Venkatesh Katari, Charles K Thodeti, Sailaja Paruchuri
• Journal: FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB J) Vol. 37 Issue 10 Pg. e23199 (10 2023) ISSN: 1530-6860 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 37732601 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)
• Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. The FASEB Journal published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

Chemical References

• YAP-Signaling Proteins
• Dinoprostone

Topics

• Animals
• Mice
• YAP-Signaling Proteins
• Dinoprostone
• Fibroblasts
• Signal Transduction
• Myofibroblasts