Inhalation of hydrogenated vegetable oil combustion exhaust and genotoxicity responses in humans.

Abstract

Biofuels from vegetable oils or animal fats are considered to be more sustainable than petroleum-derived diesel fuel. In this study, we have assessed the effect of hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) exhaust on levels of DNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as primary outcome, and oxidative stress and inflammation as mediators of genotoxicity. In a randomized cross-over study, healthy humans were exposed to filtered air, inorganic salt particles, exhausts from combustion of HVO in engines with aftertreatment [i.e. emission with nitrogen oxides and low amounts of particulate matter less than 2.5 µm (approximately 1 µg/m3)], or without aftertreatment (i.e. emission with nitrogen oxides and 93 ± 13 µg/m3 of PM2.5). The subjects were exposed for 3 h and blood samples were collected before, within 1 h after the exposure and 24 h after. None of the exposures caused generation of DNA strand breaks and oxidatively damaged DNA, or affected gene expression of factors related to DNA repair (Ogg1), antioxidant defense (Hmox1) or pro-inflammatory cytokines (Ccl2, Il8 and Tnfa) in PBMCs. The results from this study indicate that short-term HVO exhaust exposure is not associated with genotoxic hazard in humans.

• Authors: Rebecca Harnung Scholten, Yona J Essig, Martin Roursgaard, Annie Jensen, Annette M Krais, Louise Gren, Katrin Dierschke, Anders Gudmundsson, Aneta Wierzbicka, Peter Møller
• Journal: Archives of toxicology (Arch Toxicol) Vol. 95 Issue 10 Pg. 3407-3416 (10 2021) ISSN: 1432-0738 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 34468814 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

Chemical References

• Antioxidants
• Biofuels
• Nitrogen Oxides
• Particulate Matter
• Plant Oils
• Vehicle Emissions

Topics

• Adult
• Antioxidants (metabolism)
• Biofuels (toxicity)
• Cross-Over Studies
• DNA Damage (drug effects)
• DNA Repair (genetics)
• Female
• Humans
• Inhalation Exposure (adverse effects)
• Leukocytes, Mononuclear (drug effects)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Nitrogen Oxides (analysis)
• Oxidative Stress (drug effects)
• Particulate Matter (toxicity)
• Plant Oils (analysis)
• Vehicle Emissions (analysis, toxicity)
• Young Adult