Antiatherosclerotic Phenotype of Perivascular Adipose Tissue Surrounding the Saphenous Vein in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

Abstract

Background Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is associated with metabolically driven chronic inflammation called metaflammation, which contributes to vascular function and the pathogenesis of vascular disease. The saphenous vein (SV) is commonly used as an essential conduit in coronary artery bypass grafting, but the long-term patency of SV grafts is a crucial issue. The use of the novel "no-touch" technique of SV harvesting together with its surrounding tissue has been reported to result in good long‑term graft patency of SV grafts. Herein, we investigated whether PVAT surrounding the SV (SV-PVAT) has distinct phenotypes compared with other PVATs of vessels. Methods and Results Fat pads were sampled from 48 patients (male/female, 32/16; age, 72±8 years) with coronary artery disease who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting. Adipocyte size in SV-PVAT was significantly larger than the sizes in PVATs surrounding the internal thoracic artery, coronary artery, and aorta. SV-PVAT and PVAT surrounding the internal thoracic artery had smaller extents of fibrosis, decreased gene expression levels of fibrosis-related markers, and less metaflammation, as indicated by a significantly smaller extent of cluster of differentiation 11c-positive M1 macrophage infiltration, higher gene expression level of adiponectin, and lower gene expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, than did PVATs surrounding the coronary artery and aorta. Expression patterns of adipocyte developmental and pattern-forming genes were totally different among the PVATs of the vessels. Conclusions The phenotype of SV-PVAT, which may result from inherent differences in adipocytes, is closer to that of PVAT surrounding the internal thoracic artery than that of PVAT surrounding the coronary artery or that of PVAT surrounding the aorta. SV-PVAT has less metaflammation and consecutive adipose tissue remodeling, which may contribute to high long-term patency of grafting when the no-touch technique of SV harvesting is used.

• Authors: Takuma Mikami, Masato Furuhashi, Akiko Sakai, Ryosuke Numaguchi, Ryo Harada, Syuichi Naraoka, Takeshi Kamada, Yukimura Higashiura, Marenao Tanaka, Shunsuke Ohori, Taku Sakurada, Masanori Nakamura, Yutaka Iba, Joji Fukada, Tetsuji Miura, Nobuyoshi Kawaharada
• Journal: Journal of the American Heart Association (J Am Heart Assoc) Vol. 10 Issue 7 Pg. e018905 (04 06 2021) ISSN: 2047-9980 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 33779243 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Topics

• Adipocytes (metabolism, pathology)
• Adipose Tissue (metabolism, pathology)
• Aged
• Coronary Artery Bypass (methods)
• Coronary Artery Disease (diagnosis, surgery)
• Coronary Vessels (diagnostic imaging, physiopathology, surgery)
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Phenotype
• Retrospective Studies
• Saphenous Vein (pathology, physiopathology, transplantation)
• Vascular Patency