Extraction, Characterization, Antitumor and Immunological Activities of Hemicellulose Polysaccharide from Astragalus radix Herb Residue.

Abstract

Astragalus radix (radix) have been frequently used for clinical application in China, and the herb residues of radix turn out to be a waste of resources. To escape from this, the medicine value of radix herb residues is mined in this article. We isolated hemicellulose polysaccharide AX-I-3b from radix herb residues by fractional extraction. Monosaccharide-composition analysis revealed that AX-I-3b consisted of arabinose, xylose, and glucose with a molar ratio of 10.4:79.3:1.1. Methylation, NMR and FT-IR analyses showed that AX-I-3b monosaccharide residue was linked as follows: →2,3,4)-β-d-Xylp-(1→, →4)-β-d-Arap-(1→, →4)-β-d-Glcp-(1→. Then, we found that AX-I-3b exhibited antitumor activity against lung cancer in vitro and vivo through MTT assay and xenograft tumor model. Mechanistically, AX-I-3b induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells and xenograft tumors, which is evidenced by the up-regulation of p53, Bax and cleaved caspase-3, and the down-regulation of Bcl-2. Moreover, AX-I-3b synergistically improved the therapeutic ability of cisplatin in xenograft tumors model. Furthermore, AX-I-3b treatment effectively improved the immune organ index, the percentage of spleen lymphocyte subsets and serum cytokine levels in lung cancer mice, supporting that AX-I-3b showed immunomodulatory activity. In conclusion, our results identified AX-I-3b as an antitumor and immunomodulatory agent, providing a new insight into the reutilization of radix herb residue.

• Authors: Ke Li, Shuying Li, Di Wang, Xiaoxia Li, Xingkang Wu, Xiaojie Liu, Guanhua Du, Xianrong Li, Xuemei Qin, Yuguang Du
• Journal: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (Molecules) Vol. 24 Issue 20 (Oct 09 2019) ISSN: 1420-3049 [Electronic] Switzerland
• PMID: 31601012 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
• Immunologic Factors
• Plant Extracts
• Polysaccharides
• hemicellulose

Topics

• Animals
• Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic (chemistry, isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Apoptosis (drug effects)
• Astragalus Plant (chemistry)
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Cell Proliferation (drug effects)
• Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
• Humans
• Immunologic Factors (chemistry, isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Mice
• Plant Extracts (chemistry)
• Polysaccharides (chemistry, isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Spectrum Analysis