Soluble CD163 correlates with lipid metabolic adaptations in type 1 diabetes patients during ketoacidosis.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is associated with inflammation and increased lipolysis. The macrophage activation marker, soluble CD163 (sCD163), is associated with obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes. We aimed to investigate whether sCD163 correlates with key elements of lipolysis in type 1 diabetes patients during mild DKA.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We investigated nine patients with type 1 diabetes twice during: (i) euglycemic control conditions and a bolus of saline; and (ii) hyperglycemic ketotic conditions induced by lipopolysaccharide administration combined with insulin deprivation. Blood samples, indirect calorimetry, palmitate tracer and adipose tissue biopsies were used to investigate lipid metabolism.

RESULTS:

We observed a significant increase in plasma sCD163 levels after lipopolysaccharide exposure (P < 0.001). Concentrations of sCD163 were positively correlated with plasma concentrations of free fatty acids, palmitate rate of appearance and lipid oxidation rates, and negatively correlated to the expression of G0/G1 switch 2 gene messenger ribonucleic acid content in adipose tissue (P < 0.01 for all). Furthermore, sCD163 levels correlated positively with plasma peak concentrations of cortisol, glucagon, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 (P < 0.01 for all). Data on lipolysis and inflammation have previously been published.

CONCLUSIONS:

Macrophage activation assessed by sCD163 might play an important role in DKA, as it correlates strongly with important components of lipid metabolism including free fatty acids, palmitate, lipid oxidation, G0/G1 switch 2 gene and pro-inflammatory cytokines during initial steps of DKA. These results are novel and add important knowledge to the field of DKA.

• Authors: Mads Svart, Nikolaj Rittig, Niels Møller, Holger J Møller, Henning Gronbaek
• Journal: Journal of diabetes investigation (J Diabetes Investig) Vol. 10 Issue 1 Pg. 67-72 (Jan 2019) ISSN: 2040-1124 [Electronic] Japan
• PMID: 29802679 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Diabetes Investigation published by Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes (AASD) and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

Chemical References

• Antigens, CD
• Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic
• CD163 antigen
• Inflammation Mediators
• Lipopolysaccharides
• Receptors, Cell Surface

Topics

• Adult
• Antigens, CD (metabolism)
• Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic (metabolism)
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 (metabolism)
• Diabetic Ketoacidosis (chemically induced, metabolism)
• Humans
• Inflammation (chemically induced, metabolism)
• Inflammation Mediators (metabolism)
• Lipid Metabolism
• Lipopolysaccharides (administration & dosage)
• Male
• Receptors, Cell Surface (metabolism)
• Young Adult