Children with ADHD and symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder improved in behavior when treated with methylphenidate and adjuvant risperidone, though weight gain was also observed - Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Abstract

Children with ADHD often show symptoms of oppositional defiant disorders (ODD). We investigated the impact of adjuvant risperidone (RISP) to a standard treatment with methylphenidate (MPH) in children with ADHD and symptoms of ODD. Eighty-four children with ADHD and ODD (age: M=8.55; range: 7.28-9.95 years; 73.8% males) took part in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial lasting eight weeks. Participants were randomly assigned either to the MPH+RISP (1mg/kg/d+0.5mg/d) or to the MPH+PLCO (1mg/kg/d+placebo) condition. Symptoms of ADHD, weight, height, and blood pressure were assessed at baseline, and at weeks 2, 4, 6 and 8. Symptoms of ADHD decreased over time, but more so in the MPH+RISP than in the MPH only condition. In the MPH+RISP condition weight, waist circumference and prolactine levels increased over time. Data suggest that adjuvant RISP improved symptoms in children with ADHD and ODD, but weight gain and higher prolactine levels were also observed, which are two alarming side effects. This may become an issue, once children become adolescents, a period of life in which body shape and body self-image are closely linked to self-confidence and peer acceptance. Health care professionals should carefully balance the short-term and long-term costs and benefits of administration of RISP.

• Authors: Leila Jahangard, Shahrokh Akbarian, Mohammad Haghighi, Mohammad Ahmadpanah, Amir Keshavarzi, Hafez Bajoghli, Dena Sadeghi Bahmani, Edith Holsboer-Trachsler, Serge Brand
• Journal: Psychiatry research (Psychiatry Res) Vol. 251 Pg. 182-191 (May 2017) ISSN: 1872-7123 [Electronic] Ireland
• PMID: 28213188 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic
• Central Nervous System Stimulants
• Methylphenidate
• Risperidone

Topics

• Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (diagnosis, drug therapy, epidemiology)
• Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders (diagnosis, drug therapy, epidemiology)
• Body Weight (drug effects, physiology)
• Central Nervous System Stimulants (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Child
• Double-Blind Method
• Drug Therapy, Combination
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Methylphenidate (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Risperidone (administration & dosage, adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Treatment Outcome
• Weight Gain (drug effects, physiology)