Hypoxia-inducible factors: a central link between inflammation and cancer.

Abstract

The tumor immune response is in a dynamic balance between antitumor mechanisms, which serve to decrease cancer growth, and the protumor inflammatory response, which increases immune tolerance, cell survival, and proliferation. Hypoxia and expression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α are characteristic features of all solid tumors. HIF signaling serves as a major adaptive mechanism in tumor growth in a hypoxic microenvironment. HIFs represent a critical signaling node in the switch to protumorigenic inflammatory responses through recruitment of protumor immune cells and altered immune cell effector functions to suppress antitumor immune responses and promote tumor growth through direct growth-promoting cytokine production, angiogenesis, and ROS production. Modulating HIF function will be an important mechanism to dampen the tumor-promoting inflammatory response and inhibit cancer growth.

• Authors: Daniel Triner, Yatrik M Shah
• Journal: The Journal of clinical investigation (J Clin Invest) Vol. 126 Issue 10 Pg. 3689-3698 (10 03 2016) ISSN: 1558-8238 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 27525434 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
• Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1
• endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1

Topics

• Animals
• Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors (physiology)
• Cell Hypoxia
• Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
• Humans
• Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 (physiology)
• Inflammation (metabolism)
• Neoplasms (immunology, metabolism, pathology)
• Neovascularization, Pathologic (immunology, metabolism)
• Signal Transduction
• Tumor Microenvironment (immunology)