Vitamin D favorably alters the cancer promoting prostaglandin cascade.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Preclinical studies suggest that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] and celecoxib inhibit prostaglandins (PGs) associated with cancer through different mechanisms. We determined if there was synergy in their use.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

A total of 36 healthy women received daily for one month/menstrual cycle: placebo, 400 international units (IU) vitamin D-3, 2,000 IU vitamin D-3, or 2,000 IU vitamin D-3 plus 400 mg celecoxib. Serum and nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) were analyzed for PGE2 and transforming growth factor (TGF)β1 and -2; serum for 25(OH)D (total, -D-2, -D-3), plasma for celecoxib; and mammary duct RNA for cyclooxygenase (COX)2.

RESULTS:

25(OH)D-3 increased (p<0.01) only in the groups receiving 2,000 IU vitamin D-3. PGE2 decreased in the breast (p=0.01) only after receiving 2,000 IU vitamin D-3; 2,000 IU vitamin D-3 alone was more effective in decreasing PGE2 than 2,000 IU vitamin D-3 plus celecoxib (p=0.018). COX2 expression decreased only in the breasts of women taking 2,000 IU vitamin D-3. Change in circulating 25(OH)D-3 correlated with change in TGFβ2 in the breast.

CONCLUSION:

Vitamin D-3 reduces the PG cascade and increases TGFβ2 in a dose-dependent fashion. Adding celecoxib did not provide synergy.

• Authors: Wenyi Qin, Claris Smith, Mark Jensen, Michael F Holick, Edward R Sauter
• Journal: Anticancer research (Anticancer Res) Vol. 33 Issue 9 Pg. 3861-6 (Sep 2013) ISSN: 1791-7530 [Electronic] Greece
• PMID: 24023320 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Placebos
• Prostaglandin Antagonists
• Pyrazoles
• Sulfonamides
• Transforming Growth Factor beta
• Vitamin D
• Cholecalciferol
• RNA
• 25-hydroxyvitamin D
• Cyclooxygenase 2
• Celecoxib
• Dinoprostone

Topics

• Adult
• Celecoxib
• Cholecalciferol (pharmacology)
• Cyclooxygenase 2 (genetics)
• Dinoprostone (blood, metabolism)
• Double-Blind Method
• Female
• Humans
• Middle Aged
• Neoplasms (metabolism)
• Placebos
• Prostaglandin Antagonists (pharmacology)
• Pyrazoles (pharmacology)
• RNA (blood)
• Reference Values
• Sulfonamides (pharmacology)
• Transforming Growth Factor beta (blood)
• Vitamin D (analogs & derivatives, blood)