Triclosan inhibition of acute and chronic inflammatory gene pathways.

Abstract

AIM:

We sought to determine whether triclosan (2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenylether), an extensively used anti-plaque agent with broad-spectrum anti-microbial activity, with reported anti-inflammatory effects via inhibition of prostaglandin E2 and interleukin 1 (IL-1)beta, could also more broadly suppress multiple inflammatory gene pathways responsible for the pathogenesis of gingivitis and periodontitis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

As an exploratory study, the effects of triclosan on the inflammatory gene expression profile were assessed ex vivo using peripheral whole blood samples from eight periodontally healthy donors. Ten-millilitres whole blood aliquots were incubated 2 h with 0.3 microg/ml Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with or without 0.5 microg/ml triclosan. Affymetrix microarray gene expression profiles from isolated leucocytes and pathway-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction arrays were used to investigate changes in expression of target cytokines and cell signalling molecules.

RESULTS:

Ex vivo human whole blood assays indicated that triclosan significantly down-regulated the LPS-stimulated expression of Toll-like receptor signalling molecules and other multiple inflammatory molecules including IL-1 and IL-6 and the dampening of signals that activate the T-helper type 1 acquired immune response via suppression of CD70 with concomitant up-regulation of growth factors related to bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)2 and BMP6 synthesis.

CONCLUSIONS:

Anti-inflammatory effects were found in this exploratory survey, including suppression of microbial-pathogen recognition pathway molecules and the suppression of acute and chronic mediators of inflammation.

• Authors: Silvana P Barros, Sodsi Wirojchanasak, David A Barrow, Fotinos S Panagakos, William Devizio, Steven Offenbacher
• Journal: Journal of clinical periodontology (J Clin Periodontol) Vol. 37 Issue 5 Pg. 412-8 (May 2010) ISSN: 1600-051X [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 20507366 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Anti-Inflammatory Agents
• Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2
• Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6
• CD27 Ligand
• Inflammation Mediators
• Interleukin-1
• Interleukin-6
• Lipopolysaccharides
• Toll-Like Receptors
• Triclosan

Topics

• Acute Disease
• Adult
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents (pharmacology)
• Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (biosynthesis, genetics)
• Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6 (biosynthesis, genetics)
• CD27 Ligand (antagonists & inhibitors)
• Chronic Disease
• Female
• Gene Expression Profiling
• Host-Pathogen Interactions (drug effects)
• Humans
• Inflammation (genetics)
• Inflammation Mediators (antagonists & inhibitors)
• Interleukin-1 (antagonists & inhibitors, biosynthesis, genetics)
• Interleukin-6 (antagonists & inhibitors, biosynthesis, genetics)
• Lipopolysaccharides (pharmacology)
• Male
• Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
• Signal Transduction (drug effects)
• Th1 Cells (immunology)
• Toll-Like Receptors (antagonists & inhibitors, biosynthesis, genetics)
• Triclosan (pharmacology)
• Young Adult