Castration-Resistant Prostatic Neoplasms

Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE which can grow in the presence of low or residual amount of androgen hormones such as TESTOSTERONE.

Also Known As:

Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant; Androgen-Independent Prostatic Cancer; Androgen-Independent Prostatic Neoplasms; Androgen-Insensitive Prostatic Cancer; Androgen-Insensitive Prostatic Neoplasms; Androgen-Resistant Prostatic Cancer; Androgen-Resistant Prostatic Neoplasms; Castration-Resistant Prostatic Cancer; Hormone Refractory Prostatic Cancer; Hormone Refractory Prostatic Neoplasms; Prostatic Cancer, Androgen-Independent; Prostatic Cancer, Androgen-Insensitive; Prostatic Cancer, Androgen-Resistant; Prostatic Cancer, Castration-Resistant; Prostatic Cancer, Hormone Refractory; Prostatic Neoplasms, Androgen-Independent; Prostatic Neoplasms, Androgen-Insensitive; Prostatic Neoplasms, Androgen-Resistant; Prostatic Neoplasms, Hormone Refractory; Androgen Independent Prostatic Cancer; Androgen Independent Prostatic Neoplasms; Androgen Insensitive Prostatic Cancer; Androgen Insensitive Prostatic Neoplasms; Androgen Resistant Prostatic Cancer; Androgen Resistant Prostatic Neoplasms; Androgen-Independent Prostatic Cancers; Androgen-Independent Prostatic Neoplasm; Androgen-Insensitive Prostatic Cancers; Androgen-Insensitive Prostatic Neoplasm; Androgen-Resistant Prostatic Cancers; Androgen-Resistant Prostatic Neoplasm; Cancer, Androgen-Independent Prostatic; Cancer, Androgen-Insensitive Prostatic; Cancer, Androgen-Resistant Prostatic; Cancer, Castration-Resistant Prostatic; Cancers, Androgen-Independent Prostatic; Cancers, Androgen-Insensitive Prostatic; Cancers, Androgen-Resistant Prostatic; Cancers, Castration-Resistant Prostatic; Castration Resistant Prostatic Cancer; Castration Resistant Prostatic Neoplasms; Castration-Resistant Prostatic Cancers; Castration-Resistant Prostatic Neoplasm; Neoplasm, Androgen-Independent Prostatic; Neoplasm, Androgen-Insensitive Prostatic; Neoplasm, Androgen-Resistant Prostatic; Neoplasm, Castration-Resistant Prostatic; Neoplasms, Androgen-Independent Prostatic; Neoplasms, Androgen-Insensitive Prostatic; Neoplasms, Androgen-Resistant Prostatic; Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant Prostatic; Prostatic Cancer, Androgen Independent; Prostatic Cancer, Androgen Insensitive; Prostatic Cancer, Androgen Resistant; Prostatic Cancer, Castration Resistant; Prostatic Cancers, Androgen-Independent; Prostatic Cancers, Androgen-Insensitive; Prostatic Cancers, Androgen-Resistant; Prostatic Cancers, Castration-Resistant; Prostatic Neoplasm, Androgen-Independent; Prostatic Neoplasm, Androgen-Insensitive; Prostatic Neoplasm, Androgen-Resistant; Prostatic Neoplasm, Castration-Resistant; Prostatic Neoplasms, Androgen Independent; Prostatic Neoplasms, Androgen Insensitive; Prostatic Neoplasms, Androgen Resistant; Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration Resistant

Networked: 60 relevant articles (1 outcomes, 11 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Prostatic Neoplasms (Prostate Cancer)
2.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
3.	Prostatic Hyperplasia (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia)
4.	Neoplasm Metastasis (Metastasis)
5.	Pain (Aches)

Experts

1.	Fiori, Cristian: 1 article (08/2021)
2.	Sciarra, Alessandro: 1 article (08/2021)
3.	Cindolo, Luca: 1 article (10/2020)
4.	Costa, Renato: 1 article (10/2020)
5.	De Angelis, Cristina: 1 article (10/2020)
6.	De Vincentis, Giuseppe: 1 article (10/2020)
7.	Di Rocco, Arianna: 1 article (10/2020)
8.	Dionisi, Valeria: 1 article (10/2020)
9.	Ferrari, Cristina: 1 article (10/2020)
10.	Frantellizzi, Viviana: 1 article (10/2020)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Castration-Resistant Prostatic Neoplasms:

1.	Docetaxel (Taxotere)FDA Link 12/01/2012 - "Docetaxel-based chemotherapy has been the mainstay of treatment until a few years ago for metastatic castration resistant prostatic cancer (mCRPC). " 07/01/2007 - "Possible pitfall in diagnosis: mitotic arrest of gastric epithelium after docetaxel therapy for hormone-refractory prostatic cancer." 01/01/2012 - "For patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostatic cancer (mCRPC), docetaxel plus prednisone leads to superior survival and a higher response rate compared with mitoxantrone plus prednisone. " 01/01/2014 - "As secondary investigation items, age, PSA (ng/ml), pain site, extent of the disease, the presence or absence of castration-resistant prostatic cancer (CRPC), the presence or absence of a past medical history of treatment with docetaxel in CRPC cases, Gleason Score, hemoglobin (g/dl), platelet (Plt) (/μl), serum carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ng/ml), and bone-alkaline phosphatase (BAP) (U/l) were investigated. "
2.	Prostate-Specific Antigen (Semenogelase)IBA 08/01/1994 - "Post-therapy change in prostate-specific antigen levels as a clinical trial endpoint in hormone-refractory prostatic cancer: a trial with 10-ethyl-deaza-aminopterin." 03/01/1993 - "Post-therapy changes in prostate specific antigen (PSA) have been proposed as a surrogate end point for response in clinical trials of patients with hormone refractory prostatic cancer. " 03/01/1992 - "Estramustine and vinblastine: use of prostate specific antigen as a clinical trial end point for hormone refractory prostatic cancer."
3.	AndrogensIBA 09/01/2010 - "In vitro, the association between AKR1C2 expression and drug resistance was investigated in androgen-sensitive and androgen-insensitive prostatic cancer cells. " 08/01/2002 - "Synthetic inhibitors of CDKs induce different responses in androgen sensitive and androgen insensitive prostatic cancer cell lines." 01/01/1994 - "Such a therapeutic approach will probably require two types of agents, one with antiproliferative activity affecting the small number of dividing androgen-independent cells and one with the capacity to increase the rate of cell death among the non-proliferating androgen-independent prostatic cancer cells present, i.e. " 11/01/1992 - "Androgen-independent prostatic cancer cells do not activate this death process after androgen ablation, since this does not induce a sustained increase in Cai. " 09/01/1991 - "One explanation for the inability of androgen ablation to induce programmed death of androgen-independent prostatic cancer cells is that such ablation does not result in a sustained elevation in Cai in these cells. "
4.	Estramustine FDA Link 01/01/1992 - "[Prospective randomized multicenter phase III study of treatment of hormone refractory prostatic cancer: mitomycin C vs. 4-epirubicin vs. estramustine phosphate]." 03/01/1992 - "Estramustine and vinblastine: use of prostate specific antigen as a clinical trial end point for hormone refractory prostatic cancer." 01/01/1984 - "Estramustine phosphate is an example of such a complex that has a cytotoxic effect in test systems in which estrogen has no effect and in patients with hormone-refractory prostatic cancer. "
5.	Biomarkers (Surrogate Marker)IBA 04/29/2014 - "Biomarkers for metastatic castration-resistant prostatic cancer (mCRPC) are an unmet medical need. " 03/01/1993 - "Post-therapy changes in prostate specific antigen (PSA) have been proposed as a surrogate end point for response in clinical trials of patients with hormone refractory prostatic cancer. "
6.	Testosterone (Sustanon)FDA Link 06/01/2008 - "Effect of SLCO1B3 haplotype on testosterone transport and clinical outcome in caucasian patients with androgen-independent prostatic cancer." 06/01/2008 - "This study examined (a) the SLCO1B3 genotype in cancer cells as well as the uptake of testosterone by cells transfected with genetic variants of SLCO1B3; (b) the expression of OATP1B3 in normal prostate, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and prostatic cancer; and (c) the role of SLCO1B3 haplotype on clinical outcome of Caucasian patients with androgen-independent prostatic cancer. " 10/01/2013 - "MEDLINE database was requested for French or English articles published until September 2012 responding to the following keywords: "castration resistant", "prostatic neoplasms", "androgens", "testosterone", "regulat*". "
7.	Phosphates (Orthophosphate)IBA 01/01/1992 - "[Prospective randomized multicenter phase III study of treatment of hormone refractory prostatic cancer: mitomycin C vs. 4-epirubicin vs. estramustine phosphate]." 01/01/1984 - "Estramustine phosphate is an example of such a complex that has a cytotoxic effect in test systems in which estrogen has no effect and in patients with hormone-refractory prostatic cancer. "
8.	Methotrexate (Mexate)FDA LinkGeneric 11/15/1992 - "Phase III trial of cyclophosphamide versus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and methotrexate in hormone-refractory prostatic cancer. " 12/01/1989 - "In order to better define the possible role of ketoconazole on hormone-independent prostatic cancer, we incubated the cells from human androgen-independent prostatic cancer lines in a methylcellulose tumour colony assay with different doses of the drug and increasing doses of conventional cytotoxic agents (etoposide, bleomycin, vinblastine, methotrexate, and teniposide). "
9.	enzalutamideIBA 08/01/2021 - "Enzalutamide for castration resistant prostatic cancer: "real-life" matters!" 04/01/2018 - "Recently, new-generation hormonal therapies, such as abiraterone and enzalutamide, have been tested and approved in castration resistant prostatic cancer patients and current studies are moving forward to the earlier use of these two drugs. "
10.	Cholestenone 5 alpha-Reductase (5 alpha-Reductase)IBA 05/01/1996 - "LY306089 was a non-competitive inhibitor of type I 5 alpha-reductase in DU145 cellular homogenates with an apparent Ki value of 4.0 nM. These studies have identified and pharmacologically defined type I 5 alpha-reductase activity in an androgen-insensitive prostatic cancer cell line and provide the basis for additional investigations into the significance of type I 5 alpha-reductase to human prostatic pathophysiology."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 12/15/1992 - "Prognostic factors for survival of patients with bidimensionally measurable metastatic hormone-refractory prostatic cancer treated with single-agent chemotherapy." 01/01/1988 - "Chemotherapy of hormone refractory prostatic cancer." 12/01/2012 - "Docetaxel-based chemotherapy has been the mainstay of treatment until a few years ago for metastatic castration resistant prostatic cancer (mCRPC). " 05/01/1981 - "Chemotherapy in metastatic, hormone refractory prostatic cancer using chlorambucil in combination with prednisolone versus conjugate, prednimustine (Leo 1031)."
2.	Therapeutics 09/01/1991 - "These observations identify Cai as a potential target for therapy for androgen-independent prostatic cancer cells." 01/01/1991 - "Unfortunately, such effective therapy for the androgen independent prostatic cancer cell is not yet available. " 08/01/1994 - "Post-therapy change in prostate-specific antigen levels as a clinical trial endpoint in hormone-refractory prostatic cancer: a trial with 10-ethyl-deaza-aminopterin." 07/01/2007 - "Possible pitfall in diagnosis: mitotic arrest of gastric epithelium after docetaxel therapy for hormone-refractory prostatic cancer." 01/01/1991 - "This therapy will probably require two types of agents, one having antiproliferative activity affecting the small number of dividing androgen independent cells, and the other able to increase the low rate of cell death among the majority of non-proliferating (ie interphase) androgen independent prostatic cancer cells present. "
3.	Radiotherapy 05/01/1998 - "Pain figures are unsuitable for determination of palliative radiotherapy portals in patients with hormone refractory prostatic cancer."
4.	Prostatectomy (Retropubic Prostatectomy) 10/01/2009 - "tissues were obtained from 120 patients treated by prostatectomy for clinically localized prostatic cancer, and 31 hormone-refractory prostatic cancer (HRPC) samples. "
5.	Immunotherapy 02/15/2001 - "Epitopes exist on androgen-independent prostatic cancer cells that are susceptible to cytolysis by monoclonal antibodies and these could be investigated for potential immunotherapy."