Lopinavir

An HIV protease inhibitor used in a fixed-dose combination with RITONAVIR. It is also an inhibitor of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.

Also Known As:

A-157378.0; ABT 378; ABT-378; N-(4-(((2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl)amino)-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-1-(phenylmethyl)pentyl)tetrahydro-alpha-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxo-1(2H)-pydrimidineacetamide; A 157378.0; A157378.0; ABT378

Networked: 1048 relevant articles (80 outcomes, 228 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Heterocyclic Compounds: 198
- 1-Ring Heterocyclic Compounds
  - Pyrimidines: 510
    - Pyrimidinones: 71
      - Lopinavir: 1048
        lopinavir-ritonavir drug combination: 88

Experts

1.	McIlleron, Helen: 12 articles (05/2022 - 10/2010)
2.	Blanche, Stéphane: 10 articles (01/2019 - 11/2006)
3.	Achan, Jane: 9 articles (04/2015 - 11/2012)
4.	Maartens, Gary: 8 articles (02/2017 - 04/2008)
5.	Kamya, Moses R: 8 articles (01/2017 - 11/2012)
6.	Denti, Paolo: 7 articles (05/2022 - 01/2012)
7.	Aweeka, Francesca: 7 articles (01/2021 - 09/2006)
8.	Clark, Tamara D: 7 articles (01/2017 - 11/2012)
9.	Plenty, Albert: 7 articles (01/2017 - 08/2013)
10.	Domingo, Pere: 7 articles (07/2015 - 01/2007)

Related Diseases

1.	COVID-19 01/01/2020 - ", in current times of the COVID-19 pandemic, lopinavir is among the top drug candidates which are being repurposed for inclusion in clinical trials world-over, to assess their therapeutic potential against the dangerous respiratory disease. " 01/01/2021 - "Indeed, several studies described that total lopinavir plasma concentrations were considerably higher in patients with severe COVID-19 than those reported in patients with HIV. " 08/01/2020 - "However, these trials may be worthwhile in finally determining whether lopinavir has any role in preventing or treating COVID-19." 08/01/2020 - "After LOTUS China, there is probably no future for lopinavir in the treatment of severe COVID-19, but some clinical trials for prevention or in various stages of COVID-19 have recently started or are ongoing. " 03/15/2022 - "Amongst the COVID-19 metabolites, lopinavir metabolites posed major risk to aquatic species. "
2.	Infections 03/08/2002 - "Inflammatory oedema associated with lopinavir-including HAART regimens in advanced HIV-1 infection: report of 3 cases." 08/01/2020 - "The major limitation of these trials is that as lopinavir does not inhibit COVID-19, it is unlikely to prevent infection, reduce viral load, or reduce the severity. " 12/24/2013 - "Using quantitative assays in cell line and primary cell systems that directly measure the early steps of HIV-1 infection we find that the PIs Lopinavir and Darunavir are equally potent against both cell-free and cell-to-cell spread of HIV-1. " 10/01/2010 - "Lopinavir/ritonavir, in combination with other ART agents, is a well established and cost-effective treatment for both ART-naive and -experienced patients with HIV-1 infection and, with successful management of adverse events, continues to have a role as an effective component of ART regimens for the control of HIV-1 infection." 09/01/2014 - "This study aimed to assess the cost effectiveness of the darunavir/r regimen compared with the lopinavir/r regimen in treatment-naive adults with HIV-1 infection in Canada. "
3.	Pneumonia (Pneumonitis) 08/01/2020 - "This evaluation is of LOTUS China (the Lopinavir Trial for Suppression of SARS-Cov-2 in China), which was a randomized trial in hospitalized subjects with COVID-9 in a respiratory sample and pneumonia. " 06/01/2020 - "Lopinavir/ritonavir did not shorten the duration of SARS CoV-2 shedding in patients with mild pneumonia in Taiwan." 09/14/2021 - "Pneumonia-targeted lopinavir/ritonavir-based treatment for patients with COVID-19: an early-period retrospective single center observational study." 03/01/2021 - "Effectiveness of lopinavir/ritonavir on COVID-19-related pneumonia in a child with COVID-19-associated Kawasaki disease." 01/01/2021 - "Among influenza coinfected patients, those treated with lopinavir/ritonavir exhibited faster pneumonia resolution within 2 weeks after symptom onset (37% vs 1%; P = .001). "
4.	HIV Infections (HIV Infection) 11/01/2022 - "Lopinavir is effective in treatment of HIV infection but experiences low oral bioavailability due to poor solubility, pre-systemic metabolism, and P-gp intestinal efflux. " 09/22/2014 - "Moreover, the tissue distribution study showed a higher distribution of Lopinavir loaded nanoparticles to lymphoid organs (liver, spleen and lymph nodes that are also important viral reservoirs in HIV infection). " 01/01/2020 - "Lopinavir (LPV), a well-known drug administered in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, has shown limitation for pediatric treatment owing to poor aqueous solubility that gives rise to limited oral bioavailability and short plasma half-life (5-6 h). " 09/22/2014 - "Thus, we conclude that Lopinavir loaded nanoparticle could be a superior alternative approach to free Lopinavir in treating HIV infection." 02/04/2016 - "Maternal and foetal outcomes among 4118 women with HIV infection treated with lopinavir/ritonavir during pregnancy: analysis of population-based surveillance data from the national study of HIV in pregnancy and childhood in the United Kingdom and Ireland."
5.	Malaria 01/01/2014 - "Does a significant reduction in malaria risk make lopinavir/ritonavir-based ART cost-effective for children with HIV in co-endemic, low-resource settings?" 01/27/2016 - "An adaptive, parallel-design safety and pharmacokinetic study was conducted in HIV-infected (malaria-negative) patients: antiretroviral-naïve and those stable on lopinavir/ritonavir-based antiretrovirals. " 10/01/2015 - "We report here that lopinavir blocks glucose uptake into isolated malaria parasites at therapeutically relevant drug levels. " 04/24/2015 - "The Prevention of Malaria and HIV Disease in Tororo trial (NCT00993031) enrolled HIV-infected pregnant Ugandan women at 12-28 weeks gestation who were randomized to lopinavir or efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy (ART). " 12/15/2014 - "We sought to evaluate whether lopinavir/ritonavir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduced the risk of placental malaria. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

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2.	Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil)
3.	remdesivir
4.	Chloroquine (Aralen)
5.	umifenovir
6.	Antiviral Agents (Antivirals)
7.	Ribavirin (Virazole)
8.	Azithromycin (Zithromax)
9.	Nelfinavir (Viracept)
10.	favipiravir

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART)
3.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
4.	Artificial Respiration (Mechanical Ventilation)
5.	Renal Replacement Therapy (Therapies, Renal Replacement)