Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Bleeding into the SUBARACHNOID SPACE due to CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Minor hemorrhages may be asymptomatic; moderate to severe hemorrhages may be associated with INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION and VASOSPASM, INTRACRANIAL.

Also Known As:

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic; Post-Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Hemorrhage, Post-Traumatic Subarachnoid; Hemorrhage, Traumatic Subarachnoid; Hemorrhages, Post-Traumatic Subarachnoid; Post Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Post-Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhages; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Post-Traumatic; Subarachnoid Hemorrhages, Post-Traumatic; Subarachnoid Hemorrhages, Traumatic; Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhages

Networked: 80 relevant articles (4 outcomes, 8 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Brain Injuries (Brain Injury)
2.	Sepsis (Septicemia)
3.	Pneumonia (Pneumonitis)
4.	Brain Contusion
5.	Spinal Cord Injuries (Spinal Cord Injury)

Experts

1.	Wang, Junhong: 2 articles (01/2023 - 11/2022)
2.	Wang, Liang: 2 articles (01/2023 - 01/2021)
3.	Christian, Robin: 2 articles (10/2018 - 01/2017)
4.	Stuart, Daniel: 2 articles (10/2018 - 01/2017)
5.	Uschmann, Hartmut: 2 articles (10/2018 - 01/2017)
6.	Frizzola, Meg A: 2 articles (03/2018 - 01/2018)
7.	Froehlich, Curtis D: 2 articles (03/2018 - 01/2018)
8.	Pearson, Thomas E: 2 articles (03/2018 - 01/2018)
9.	Priest, Marc A: 2 articles (03/2018 - 01/2018)
10.	Rochman, Monica F: 2 articles (03/2018 - 01/2018)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage:

1.	tirilazadIBA 01/01/2019 - "However, in the case of tirilazad, a post hoc analysis revealed that the drug significantly improved survival of male TBI patients who exhibited traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (tSAH) that occurs in half of severe TBIs. " 10/01/1998 - "Subgroup analysis suggested that tirilazad mesylate may be effective in reducing mortality rates in males suffering from severe head injury with accompanying traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (death in the tirilazad-treated group occurred in 34% of patients; in the placebo group it occurred in 43% [p=0.026]). "
2.	Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)IBA 04/24/2010 - "We report on five Japanese men (an 84 year old (acute aortic dissociation: Stanford type A), a 55 year old (traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and brain contusion), a 76 year old (sepsis by pyelonephritis), an 85 year old (cerebral infarction), and an 86 year old (pulmonary emphysema and severe pneumonia)) in which the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and sigma-1 receptor agonist fluvoxamine was effective in ameliorating the delirium of the patients. "
3.	Fluvoxamine (Luvox)FDA LinkGeneric 04/24/2010 - "We report on five Japanese men (an 84 year old (acute aortic dissociation: Stanford type A), a 55 year old (traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and brain contusion), a 76 year old (sepsis by pyelonephritis), an 85 year old (cerebral infarction), and an 86 year old (pulmonary emphysema and severe pneumonia)) in which the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and sigma-1 receptor agonist fluvoxamine was effective in ameliorating the delirium of the patients. "
4.	Sigma-1 ReceptorIBA 04/24/2010 - "We report on five Japanese men (an 84 year old (acute aortic dissociation: Stanford type A), a 55 year old (traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and brain contusion), a 76 year old (sepsis by pyelonephritis), an 85 year old (cerebral infarction), and an 86 year old (pulmonary emphysema and severe pneumonia)) in which the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and sigma-1 receptor agonist fluvoxamine was effective in ameliorating the delirium of the patients. "
5.	astaxanthine (astaxanthin)IBA 10/01/2022 - "Owing to its ability to cross the blood‑brain barrier, astaxanthin has received attention for its protective effects against neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, cognitive impairment and neuropathic pain. "
6.	CreatinineIBA 01/01/2024 - "This study aims to elucidate the correlation between admission serum creatinine (sCr) levels and all-cause mortality within 30 days among individuals affected by non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). " 10/01/2010 - "The aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that patients with non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) have statistically significant subnormal creatinine levels and that the creatinine levels are associated with severity of disease. " 10/01/2010 - "Non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage is associated with subnormal blood creatinine levels." 01/01/2024 - "Association between serum creatinine and 30 days all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage: analysis of the MIMIC-IV database." 11/28/2022 - "(1) Background: To explore the correlation between the blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio (UCR) and in-hospital mortality in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients. "
7.	Nimodipine (Modus)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/1996 - "A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of nimodipine used to treat traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (tSAH) was conducted in 21 German neurosurgical centers between January 1994 and April 1995. " 07/01/1996 - "Traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and its treatment with nimodipine. " 01/01/2018 - "Long-term continuous intra-arterial nimodipine infusion (CIAN) is a rescue therapy option in cases of severe refractory cerebral vasospasm (CV) following acute non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). " 11/01/2000 - "This case report describes a patient with traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage who experienced two episodes of previously undescribed, life-threatening hypoxemia that was directly related to nimodipine therapy. " 10/01/2018 - "Although other medications have been and continue to be used, Nimodipine is the only Food and Drug Administration-approved medication for treating and improving outcomes following non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, which may be caused by aneurysmal rupture or arteriovenous malformation. "
8.	Nicardipine (Dagan)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/2018 - "Limited studies on the use of intrathecal nicardipine following non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and lack of pooling of results for this review demonstrate the need for more research in this field." 10/01/2018 - "This review will determine the effects that intrathecal nicardipine has on cerebral vasospam following non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. " 10/01/2018 - "The intervention was administration of intrathecal nicardipine in patients with cerebral vasospasm as a result of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. " 10/01/2018 - "Effectiveness of intrathecal nicardipine on cerebral vasospasm in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review." 01/01/2017 - "Effectiveness of intrathecal nicardipine on cerebral vasospasm in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review protocol."
9.	Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors)IBA 01/01/2017 - "Review articles, meta-analyses, and original trials on the effects of statin therapy in the intensive care unit (ICU) were included, by combining the following MeSH terms: "statins," "intensive care," "cardiac surgery," "sepsis," "acute respiratory distress syndrome," "pneumonia," "subarachnoid hemorrhage," "traumatic brain injury," and "critical illness." Case reports were excluded. "
10.	SodiumIBA 01/01/2023 - "The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum sodium and mortality in critically ill patients with non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. " 01/01/2023 - "Association between serum sodium levels within 24 h of admission and all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/01/2022 - "Does Pre-existing Anticoagulation or Antiplatelet Therapy Increase the Risk of Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Progression?" 10/01/2021 - "Brain tissue oxygenation guided therapy and outcome in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage." 01/01/2016 - "As second-tier therapy failed to lower intracranial pressure (ICP; mean ICP 37 ± 5 mmHg), and computed tomography (CT) showed abnormally enlarged cranial SAS following traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, patients received ELD. " 07/11/2023 - "Anticoagulant therapy was not indicated because of other injuries, such as traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. " 01/01/2023 - "Minimal TBI was defined as Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 15 secondary to blunt mechanism, without anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy, and isolated pneumocephalus and/or traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage on head CT imaging. "
2.	Critical Care (Surgical Intensive Care) 01/01/2018 - "Isolated Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Evaluation of Critical Care Unit Admission Practices and Outcomes From a North American Perspective." 01/01/2018 - "Critical care admission for mild traumatic brain injury patients with isolated traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage is frequent and highly variable despite low probability of requiring neurosurgical intervention. " 02/10/2024 - "Background and Objectives: We analyzed delirium testing, delirium prevalence, critical care associations outcomes at the time of hospital discharge in patients with acute brain injury (ABI) due to acute ischemic stroke (AIS), non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), non-traumatic intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH), and traumatic brain injury (TBI) admitted to an intensive care unit. " 01/01/2017 - "Review articles, meta-analyses, and original trials on the effects of statin therapy in the intensive care unit (ICU) were included, by combining the following MeSH terms: "statins," "intensive care," "cardiac surgery," "sepsis," "acute respiratory distress syndrome," "pneumonia," "subarachnoid hemorrhage," "traumatic brain injury," and "critical illness." Case reports were excluded. "
3.	Catheters 07/01/2022 - "Early Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Non-Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage who Undergo Catheter Angiography: Incidence, Associated Risk Factors and Impact on Outcome." 01/21/2011 - "An observational retrospective review was carried out of all consecutive patients with non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage who underwent both CT angiography and catheter angiography to exclude an aneurysm. " 04/01/2012 - "Impact of antibiotic-impregnated catheters on the timing of cerebrospinal fluid infections in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage."
4.	Craniotomy 03/01/1985 - "Meningitis, traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, posterior fossa mass, supratentorial clot with contralateral ventricular dilatation, and craniotomy contributed to the development of posttraumatic hydrocephalus. " 04/01/2022 - "Congenital hydrocephalus occurs in one in 500-1000 babies born in the United States and acquired hydrocephalus may occur as the consequence of stroke, intraventricular and subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injuries, brain tumors, craniectomy or may be idiopathic, as in the case of normal pressure hydrocephalus. " 06/01/2016 - "We describe here a 55-year-old male patient with a medical history significant for chronic back pain and substance abuse with cocaine who sustained a traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage after a fall from a roof while acutely intoxicated on cocaine requiring decompressive hemicraniectomy and cranioplasty that was complicated by an epidural abscess requiring a repeat craniectomy. "
5.	Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) 03/01/2018 - "Corrigendum to "Pediatric Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Patient with Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Takotsubo Syndrome" [Air Medical Journal 37 (2018) 64-66]." 01/01/2018 - "Pediatric Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Patient With Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Takotsubo Syndrome."