Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Neoplasms

A urothelial carcinoma found in the tissue that lines the inner surface of the bladder. The bladder muscle is not involved.

Also Known As:

Bladder Cancer, Non-Muscle-Invasive; Bladder Cancers, Non-Muscle-Invasive; Cancer, Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder; Cancers, Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder; Non Muscle Invasive Bladder Neoplasms; NMIBC; Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer; Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

Networked: 2201 relevant articles (293 outcomes, 468 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Neoplasms
2.	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms (Bladder Cancer)
3.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
4.	Carcinoma in Situ
5.	Carcinoma (Carcinomatosis)

Experts

1.	Kamat, Ashish M: 58 articles (10/2022 - 06/2009)
2.	Shariat, Shahrokh F: 55 articles (08/2022 - 05/2010)
3.	Witjes, J Alfred: 50 articles (08/2022 - 01/2008)
4.	Gontero, Paolo: 31 articles (08/2022 - 12/2008)
5.	Kim, Wun-Jae: 31 articles (01/2022 - 01/2010)
6.	Rouprêt, Morgan: 28 articles (03/2022 - 07/2010)
7.	Lotan, Yair: 26 articles (08/2022 - 09/2009)
8.	Moschini, Marco: 26 articles (08/2022 - 04/2013)
9.	Palou, Joan: 26 articles (03/2022 - 01/2010)
10.	Soria, Francesco: 25 articles (08/2022 - 02/2016)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Neoplasms:

1.	Mitomycin (Mitomycin-C)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2022 - "We conclude that immediate mitomycin C instillation is a cost-effective treatment for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer." 11/01/2020 - "We aimed to determine the efficacy of Electromotive Drug Administration (EMDA) of mitomycin C (MMC) with NMIBC after BCG failure. " 08/01/2014 - "[Efficacy of prophylactic intravesical mitomycin C in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer]." 01/01/2023 - "Hyperthermic Mitomycin C in Intermediate-risk Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: Results of the HIVEC-1 Trial." 03/01/2022 - "Trial-based Cost-effectiveness Analysis of an Immediate Postoperative Mitomycin C Instillation in Patients with Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer."
2.	Gemcitabine FDA Link 04/15/2010 - "The efficacy of intravesical gemcitabine was evaluated compared with repeated administration of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) after BCG failure in high-risk, non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (BC). " 01/01/2018 - "Several studies have compared the safety and efficacy of intravesical gemcitabine (Gem) with Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. " 10/16/2023 - "Real-world efficacy of adjuvant single-agent intravesical gemcitabine for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer." 01/01/2021 - "Since that time, several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been reported, making this update relevant. OBJECTIVES: To assess the comparative effectiveness and toxicity of intravesical gemcitabine instillation for NMIBC. " 07/24/2019 - "This preliminary study showed that low RRM1 expression was associated with longer progression-free survival and lower 1-year/2-year relapse rates in NMIBC patients treated with intravesical gemcitabine monotherapy, despite the need for further verification with large sample sizes and considering more mixed factors and biases."
3.	pirarubicinIBA 01/01/2020 - "Safety and efficacy of intensive instillation of low-dose pirarubicin vs. bacillus Calmette-Guérin in patients with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer." 03/01/2021 - "This study evaluated the efficacy of a single instillation of pirarubicin with a short retention time for preventing intravesical recurrence of low-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. " 06/05/2020 - "This study will explore whether or not pirarubicin can be used as an effective and safety treatment for patients with NMIBC. " 06/05/2020 - "This study will provide a synthesis of current evidence to investigate the efficacy and safety of pirarubicin for NMIBC using overall survival, progression-free survival, recurrence-free survival, quality of, rates of recurrence, and adverse events. " 06/05/2020 - "All randomized controlled trials of pirarubicin for NMIBC will be included regardless limitations related to the language and publication time. "
4.	5-aminolevulinic acid hexyl ester FDA Link 04/01/2013 - "Hexaminolevulinate hydrochloride may be cost effective when used at first TURB for patients with suspected new or recurrent non-muscle invasive bladder cancer." 07/01/2015 - "This study shows that improvement in diagnosis of NMIBC, mainly CIS and Ta tumours, obtained with BLC with hexaminolevulinate as an adjunct to WLC vs WLC alone can be shown in routine clinical practice." 01/01/2017 - "Improved diagnosis and long-term recurrence rate reduction for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients undergoing fluorescent hexylaminolevulinate photodynamic diagnosis." 11/01/2014 - "Assessment of diagnostic gain with hexaminolevulinate (HAL) in the setting of newly diagnosed non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer with positive results on urine cytology." 03/01/2023 - "Comparison of hexaminolevulinate (HAL) -guided versus white light transurethral resection for NMIBC: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials."
5.	Biomarkers (Surrogate Marker)IBA 07/14/2020 - "Although cystoscopy and cytology are the gold standard for non muscle invasive bladder cancer surveillance, genetic urinary biomarkers are a promising tool to avoid invasive explorations to the patients with a safe profile of similar sensitivity and negative predictive value. " 12/01/2023 - "Addressing the landscape of biomarkers, mechanisms of progression, BCG resistance, and trial design challenges in HR-NMIBC is essential for the discovery of new targets and the development of effective treatments." 01/01/2023 - "Collectively, our study led to the identification of biomarkers that can predict the therapeutic responsiveness of BCG in NMIBC." 01/01/2023 - "Studies to date on biomarkers predictive of response to bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) treatment for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer have only identified markers with prognostic potential. " 10/14/2022 - "Here, we provide a comprehensive survey of the most recent studies from the last decade (N = 70 studies), focused on the prediction of patient outcomes in NMIBC, particularly recurrence, using biomarkers such as radiomics, histopathology, clinical, and genomics. "
6.	ThuliumIBA 10/01/2015 - "Use of a 2 μm CW thulium laser is feasible and effective in treating primary NMIBC. " 12/01/2023 - "Safety, feasibility, and quality of thulium laser en-bloc resection for treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer." 11/20/2023 - "Thulium fiber laser as a novel technique with shallow and accurate cutting, high-quality hemostasis, and no ballistic effect in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer." 10/01/2020 - "A total of 141 patients with primary NMIBC who underwent ERBT with thulium laser between January 2012 and May 2016 were retrospectively enrolled. " 03/18/2020 - "Can a second resection be avoided after initial thulium laser endoscopic en bloc resection for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer? "
7.	VaccinesIBA 06/01/2017 - "Well thought-out modifications of the original protocol resulted in enhanced efficacy of the vaccine, which currently ranks as the best-known and most-used and investigated agent for high risk NMIBC. " 01/01/2023 - "Clinicians widely recognize the role of Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG), an attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine, in the management of intermediate- and high-risk NMIBC. " 01/01/2022 - "Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine, one of the most successful bio-therapies to date, has been the gold standard treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer for 44 years. " 12/01/2020 - "This article historically reviews the impact that has had BCG in the treatment of NMIBC, the current guidelines in terms of doses, strains and treatments combination, and the future that will happen with the results of the ongoing clinical trials with systemic immunotherapy, vaccines and gene therapy. " 03/01/2017 - "The first immunotherapy was the live, attenuated bacterial Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine, which has been the standard of care non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer since 1990. "
8.	Messenger RNA (mRNA)IBA 06/30/2021 - "In conclusion, high AR mRNA expression is correlated with KRT5 mRNA expression and is associated with an improved outcome in high-risk NMIBC." 01/01/2018 - "High mRNA expression of PDL1 predicts improved RFS, PFS and CSS of pT1 NMIBC. " 04/08/2019 - "Our study showed that low AR mRNA expression level is an independent risk factor for RFS in Japanese patients with NMIBC. " 01/01/2022 - "High mRNA expression of ERBB2 is an independent predictor of reduced RFS in patients with stage T1 NMIBC. " 01/01/2022 - "Col1a1, col3a1, col5a2 and krt14 mRNA levels were significantly overexpressed in high-grade and muscle-invasive BC (MIBC) compared to low-grade and non-muscle invasive BC (NMIBC) cases. "
9.	BCG Vaccine FDA Link 01/01/2023 - "In this cohort study including 6467 individuals initially diagnosed with NMIBC between 1987 and 2021, 3388 patients underwent BCG vaccine treatment (mean [SD] age, 69.89 [9.28] years; 2605 [76.9%] men) and 3079 served as controls (mean [SD] age, 70.73 [10.00] years; 2176 [70.7%] men). " 01/01/2023 - "To evaluate whether intravesical BCG vaccine exposure is associated with a decreased incidence of ADRD in a cohort of patients with NMIBC while accounting for death as a competing event. " 01/01/2022 - "This review considers the evolution of BCG immunotherapy for NMIBC: from the discovery of the antitumour side effects of tuberculosis and subsequently the BCG vaccine, to recent advances in novel immunotherapeutic agents. " 12/03/2016 - "For non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, the mainstay of treatment is complete resection of the tumour followed by induction and maintenance immunotherapy with intravesical BCG vaccine or intravesical chemotherapy. " 01/01/2023 - "The study included a 15-year follow-up of individuals (BCG vaccine treated or controls) whose condition did not clinically progress to muscle-invasive cancer within 8 weeks and did not have an ADRD diagnosis within the first year after the NMIBC diagnosis. "
10.	AcidsIBA 05/01/2021 - "Repeated 5-aminolevulinic Acid Instillations During Follow-up in Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: A Randomized Study." 01/01/2018 - "To confirm the reproducibility of the effectiveness and safety in photodynamic diagnosis of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer using 5-aminolevulinic acid in a prospective multicenter non-randomized phase III trial. " 01/01/2018 - "Oral 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic diagnosis using fluorescence cystoscopy for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A multicenter phase III study." 06/01/2015 - "Oral 5-aminolevulinic acid mediated photodynamic diagnosis using fluorescence cystoscopy for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A randomized, double-blind, multicentre phase II/III study." 06/01/2022 - "We aimed to clarify the therapeutic benefits of orally administered 5-aminolevulinic acid for photodynamic diagnosis in transurethral resection for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer in a real-world setting. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/01/2015 - "The experts concluded that continuing therapy with 3-week BCG maintenance is superior to induction treatment only and is the single most important factor in improving outcomes in patients with NMIBC. " 09/01/2012 - "Current literature suggests that the best treatment for patients with high-risk NMIBC involves complete transurethral resection with intravesical BCG therapy. " 09/01/2012 - "Adjuvant intravesical BCG therapy is the most effective regimen for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. " 06/01/2009 - "BCG has been used for more than 30 years and is currently the most effective agent for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer therapy after transurethral resection. " 12/08/2021 - "With very few advances in intravesical therapy over the past two decades for early-stage disease, and a limited pipeline of therapeutics in Phase 3 or late Phase 2 development, there is a major unmet need for improved intravesical therapies for NMIBC. "
2.	Immunotherapy 01/01/2022 - "Immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the most effective treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. " 01/01/2021 - "Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy offers the best results in non-muscle-invasive BC (NMIBC). " 01/01/2020 - "Whilst BCG immunotherapy is currently the best treatment for NMIBC, ~30% of patients show no response to this treatment. " 04/01/2018 - "Bacille of Calmette et Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy is the most effective treatment for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. " 01/01/2018 - "Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy is a proven, effective treatment for intermediate- and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. "
3.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 11/01/2023 - "The efficacy of hyperthermic intravesical chemotherapy in high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients with BCG intolerance." 01/01/2021 - "Efficacy of Intra-Arterial Plus Intravesical Chemotherapy for High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Pooled Analysis." 02/01/2010 - "Is immediate postoperative intravesical chemotherapy beneficial in non-muscle- invasive bladder cancer?" 10/01/2021 - "The results presented here suggest that the combination of nanoparticle-based chemotherapy and a hypotonic vehicle can provide more efficacious local drug delivery to bladder tissue for improved treatment of refractory NMIBC." 01/01/2017 - "A better understanding of the immunoreaction induced by chemotherapeutic agents can lead to improved outcomes and fewer side effects in intravesical chemotherapy against NMIBC."
4.	Cystectomy 03/04/2022 - "BC is one of the most frequent causes for bladder removal through radical cystectomy, the gold-standard treatment for localized muscle-invasive and some cases of high-risk, non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. " 06/01/2023 - "Although radical cystectomy remains the standard of care for high-risk NMIBC patients unresponsive to BCG, novel treatment modalities hold promise for the future management of this challenging patient population." 03/01/2023 - "Radical cystectomy (RC) is historically considered the gold standard treatment for muscle invasive and high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. " 07/01/2021 - "Open radical cystectomy (ORC) remains the gold standard for the treatment of muscle-invasive and high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer unsuitable for bladder preservation techniques. " 01/01/2013 - "Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the gold standard for the treatment of high-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, but in case of disease persistence, after 2 consecutive induction courses of BCG, patients must undergo radical cystectomy. "
5.	Transurethral Resection of Bladder 07/19/2016 - "We performed a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the efficacy of several intravesical chemotherapeutic (IVC) agents after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURB) in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients. " 05/02/2020 - "The golden standard for definite diagnosis and first-line treatment of NMIBC is transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURB). " 07/01/2023 - "Photodynamic Diagnosis-guided Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumour in Participants with a First Suspected Diagnosis of Intermediate- or High-risk Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: Cost-effectiveness Analysis Alongside a Randomised Controlled Trial." 01/01/2023 - "The aim of the present study is to develop an optimal surveillance protocol based on the European Association of Urology (EAU) substratification in order to improve surveillance costs after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) in patients with primary high-risk NMIBC. " 10/01/2022 - "Among the patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer who were treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumor between 1990 and 2013, those who had no recurrence for more than 5 years were included in this study. "