Gingipain Cysteine Endopeptidases

Cysteine endoproteinases, from periodontal pathogen PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS, acting as virulence factors associated with PERIODONTITIS. They are produced as pre-proproteins which mature into ARGININE and LYSINE specific endopeptidases.

Also Known As:

Argingipain; Gingipain R; Gingipain R1; Gingipain R2; Gingipains; Arg Gingipain; Cysteine Endopeptidases, Gingipain; Gingipain, Arginine; Gingipain, Lysine; Gingipain, RGP-2; Lys Gingipain; RGP 2 Gingipain; Arg-Gingipain; Arginine Gingipain; Gingipain; Gingipain K; Gingipain Proteases; KGP Protease; Lys-Gingipain; Lysine Gingipain; RGP-2 Gingipain; RGPB Protein

Networked: 235 relevant articles (3 outcomes, 19 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Enzymes and Coenzymes: 1
- Enzymes: 152586
  - Hydrolases: 2166
    - Peptide Hydrolases: 23957
      - Cysteine Proteases: 1964
        Cysteine Endopeptidases: 4
        Gingipain Cysteine Endopeptidases: 235

Experts

1.	Potempa, Jan: 35 articles (02/2022 - 04/2002)
2.	Kadowaki, Tomoko: 15 articles (01/2022 - 07/2002)
3.	Yamamoto, Kenji: 12 articles (04/2018 - 07/2002)
4.	Potempa, J: 11 articles (02/2017 - 09/2000)
5.	Imamura, Takahisa: 9 articles (07/2019 - 01/2003)
6.	Imamura, T: 9 articles (02/2017 - 07/2000)
7.	Travis, J: 9 articles (06/2009 - 09/2000)
8.	Nakayama, Koji: 8 articles (01/2022 - 08/2003)
9.	Potempa, Barbara: 8 articles (01/2022 - 04/2013)
10.	Takii, Ryosuke: 8 articles (04/2018 - 06/2003)

Related Diseases

1.	Inflammation (Inflammations) 10/20/2022 - "The effect of gingipains on inflammation was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction using human microglial HMC3 cells. " 01/01/2022 - "Hence it is likely that gingipains closely contribute to the inflammation of periodontal tissues." 01/01/2018 - "Its expression of gingipain proteases (Kgp and RgpA/B) is central to the stimulation of chronic inflammation. " 09/01/2009 - "gingivalis gingipains induced the degradation and inactivation of endothelial TM, which may promote vascular coagulation and inflammation. " 02/01/2001 - "Mechanisms mediating Porphyromonas gingivalis gingipain RgpA-induced oral mucosa inflammation in vivo."
2.	Periodontal Diseases (Periodontal Disease) 01/01/2017 - "Thus, gingipains represent a potential therapeutic target for intervention in the management of chronic periodontal disease." 01/01/2019 - "Arg-gingipain B is produced by Porphyromonas gingivalis, and is implicated in the causation of periodontal disease. " 01/01/2013 - "Arg-specific gingipain (Rgp) is a major pathogenic determinant of Porphyromonas gingivalis which is a major pathogen in periodontal disease. " 12/01/2003 - "Thus, the development of potent inhibitors specific for gingipains provides new therapeutic approaches to treat periodontal diseases and the related systemic diseases. " 01/01/2003 - "The role of gingipains in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease."
3.	Infections 12/01/2016 - "Although most of the phagocytosed T. forsythia were cleared in infected macrophages, more T. forsythia remained in cells coinfected with gingipain-expressing P. gingivalis than in cells coinfected with the gingipain-null mutant or infected only with T. forsythia at 24 and 48 h post-infection. " 01/01/2023 - "gingivalis infection promoted monocyte adhesion, the TEM capacity of monocytes was substantially impaired, which might be due to the reduced CD99 and CD99L2 expression on gingipain-stimulated endothelial cells and leukocytes. " 01/01/2023 - "Here, we found that Pg infection robustly enhanced PD-L1 expression on DCs in a gingipain-dependent manner in cultured cell and systemic infection assays. " 08/01/2022 - "gingivalis infection based on their ability to induce changes in the immune responses of human macrophages, probably via gingipain-dependent events." 01/01/2022 - "However, infection of these cells with a gingipain-deficient P. "
4.	Bone Resorption 01/01/2022 - "We found that despite the loss of activity, gingipains still elicit a strong inflammatory response, which may contribute to the progression of periodontitis and bone resorption. " 01/01/2017 - "Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of danger signals triggered by the gingipains on the generation of Th17 cells, which play a key role in protection against bacterial diseases but may cause chronic inflammation and bone resorption. " 01/01/2016 - "gingivalis-specific inflammatory immune response were protected from developing alveolar bone resorption by therapeutic vaccination with a chimera (KAS2-A1) immunogen targeting the major virulence factors of the bacterium, the gingipain proteinases. " 01/01/2023 - "We previously proposed that the degradation of osteoprotegerin by lysine-specific gingipain of Porphyromonas gingivalis and neutrophil elastase is one of the mechanisms of bone resorption associated with infection and inflammation. "
5.	Bacterial Infections (Bacterial Infection) 01/01/2015 - "Porphyromonas gingivalis gingipains selectively reduce CD14 expression, leading to macrophage hyporesponsiveness to bacterial infection." 06/01/2007 - "Susceptibility of type 2 diabetic mice to low-virulence bacterial infection: induction of abscess formation by gingipain-deficient Porphyromonas gingivalis." 01/01/2017 - "Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of danger signals triggered by the gingipains on the generation of Th17 cells, which play a key role in protection against bacterial diseases but may cause chronic inflammation and bone resorption. " 01/01/2003 - "Based on the important activities of gingipains in the bacterial infection and the pathogenesis of periodontitis, the bacterial proteinases can be targets for periodontal disease therapy. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Gingipain Cysteine Endopeptidases
2.	Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
3.	Cysteine Proteases (Cysteine Protease)
4.	Virulence Factors (Pathogenicity Factors)
5.	Peptide Hydrolases (Proteases)
6.	Arginine (L-Arginine)
7.	Antibodies
8.	Vaccines
9.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
10.	DNA Vaccines

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Oral Administration
2.	Therapeutics
3.	Root Planing
4.	Lasers (Laser)