Microvascular Rarefaction

The reduction in density of the MICROVASCULATURE.

Also Known As:

Capillary Rarefaction; Microvasculature Rarefaction; Vascular Rarefaction; Capillary Rarefactions; Microvascular Rarefactions; Microvasculature Rarefactions; Rarefaction, Capillary; Rarefaction, Microvascular; Rarefaction, Microvasculature; Rarefaction, Vascular; Rarefactions, Capillary; Rarefactions, Microvascular; Rarefactions, Microvasculature; Rarefactions, Vascular; Vascular Rarefactions

Networked: 318 relevant articles (11 outcomes, 30 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Signs and Symptoms Pathological Conditions
- Anatomical Pathological Conditions
  - Microvascular Rarefaction: 318

Related Diseases

1.	Fibrosis (Cirrhosis)
2.	Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
3.	Inflammation (Inflammations)
4.	Ureteral Obstruction
5.	Proteinuria

Experts

1.	Tibiriçá, Eduardo: 11 articles (01/2017 - 04/2008)
2.	Estato, Vanessa: 8 articles (01/2017 - 05/2013)
3.	Chade, Alejandro R: 7 articles (01/2021 - 08/2012)
4.	Chen, Jian-Xiong: 7 articles (01/2021 - 08/2015)
5.	Zeng, Heng: 7 articles (01/2021 - 08/2015)
6.	He, Xiaochen: 5 articles (01/2021 - 08/2012)
7.	Schmieder, Roland E: 5 articles (01/2018 - 01/2016)
8.	Lessa, Marcos Adriano: 5 articles (01/2017 - 03/2010)
9.	Frisbee, Jefferson C: 5 articles (08/2015 - 07/2005)
10.	Duchatsch, Francine: 4 articles (01/2021 - 01/2020)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Microvascular Rarefaction:

1.	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor)IBA 01/01/2023 - "Cardiac epigenetic changes in VEGF-related genes are associated with impaired angiogenesis and cardiac microvascular rarefaction in swine CKD-LVDD. " 01/01/2021 - "Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), a key mediator of angiogenesis and vascular repair, is reduced in chronic ischemic renal diseases, leading to microvascular rarefaction and deterioration of renal function. " 01/01/2013 - "However, subsequent decrease in podocytes number decreases VEGF production resulting in capillary rarefaction and decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR). " 07/01/2012 - "In rats, overexpression of sFlt-1 which traps VEGF led to adrenocortical capillary rarefaction. " 11/01/2011 - "Normal turnover of blood vessels, in conjunction with the fact that VEGF is indispensable for compensatory angiogenesis to restore adequate perfusion, accounts for progressive vascular rarefaction under conditions of chronic VEGF inhibition of even vasculatures that are not intrinsically dependent on VEGF. "
2.	Retinaldehyde (Retinal)IBA 01/01/2010 - "More recent studies have shown associations of low birth weight with capillary rarefaction and narrowing retinal arteriolar caliber in both children and adults. " 01/01/2021 - "All clinical cases were observed to exhibit retinal microcirculation disorders, capillary rarefaction in both capillary plexuses accompanied by a decrease in vessel density and a decrease in the circularity index of the foveal avascular zone as a result of regression of the parafoveal capillary networks. " 01/01/2021 - "Our results indicate that retinal capillary rarefaction is associated with arterial stiffness and impaired kidney function. " 10/01/2018 - "Surprisingly, OCTA revealed that the vascular rarefaction, albeit primarily affecting the choriocapillaris, also involved the overlying retinal plexuses. " 06/04/2018 - "Increased ICA measured from OCT-A, describing enlargement of capillary rarefaction or closure at macular area, is independently associated with BCVA, suggesting that ICA is a potential marker to quantify retinal microvascular abnormalities relating to vision among individuals with diabetes."
3.	MicroRNAs (MicroRNA)IBA 12/01/2020 - "The purpose of this study was to investigate whether DEX and/or exercise training could induce microRNA alterations leading to cardiac angiogenesis or microvascular rarefaction. " 11/06/2020 - "We show that, if exercise is initiated from 8 weeks of age, both moderate-intensity exercise and high-intensity exercise prevented the onset of coronary and cardiac dysfunction, apoptosis, fibrosis, microvascular rarefaction, and disruption of miRNA signaling, as seen in the nonexercised diabetic mice. " 01/01/2020 - "The study aim was to investigate if training-induced microRNAs are able to improve microcirculation proteins and prevent DEX-induced microvascular rarefaction. " 01/01/2020 - "Nevertheless, the role of microRNAs induced by training in preventing dexamethasone (DEX)-induced microvascular rarefaction remains unknown. " 10/01/2020 - "Promising results are furthermore derived with microRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) blocking or mimetic strategies, which can target microvascular rarefaction, inflammation, metabolism or fibrotic and hypertrophic remodeling in the dysfunctional RV. "
4.	Glucose (Dextrose)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2019 - "During the development of cardiac hypertrophy, glucose deprivation (GD) associated with coronary microvascular rarefaction is caused, leading to cardiomyocyte death. " 07/01/2014 - "In diet-induced obese mice, introducing VEGF-A locally in BAT rescues capillary rarefaction, ameliorates brown adipocyte dysfunction, and improves deleterious effects on glucose and lipid metabolism caused by a high-fat diet challenge. " 03/08/2013 - "We hypothesized that differential cellular proteasome activity contributes to sensitivity of PC to high glucose-mediated oxidative stress and vascular rarefaction. " 01/01/2017 - "The purpose of this study was to determine whether prazosin administration would improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, through prazosin-mediated sparing of capillary rarefaction, in this rodent model of increased GC exposure. " 05/01/2015 - "This resistance to insulin at the level of skeletal muscle tissue impairs glucose disposal/utilization through actions on the endothelium that include vascular rarefaction, reductions in vascular relaxation, and vascular remodeling. "
5.	IncretinsIBA 08/01/2014 - "Microvascular rarefaction and endothelial dysfunction have also been linked with MetS, and recent evidence from clinical studies supports the efficacy of incretin-based antidiabetic therapies for vascular protection in diabetes. "
6.	Hypoglycemic Agents (Hypoglycemics)IBA 08/01/2014 - "Microvascular rarefaction and endothelial dysfunction have also been linked with MetS, and recent evidence from clinical studies supports the efficacy of incretin-based antidiabetic therapies for vascular protection in diabetes. "
7.	CytokinesIBA 04/01/2013 - "On the other hand, emerging experimental evidence using progenitor cells or angiogenic cytokines supports the feasibility of therapeutic interventions capable of modifying the progressive nature of microvascular rarefaction in the kidney. " 09/01/2002 - "Microvascular rarefaction could possibly be reversed by therapeutic angiogenesis with cytokines but this treatment is difficult to deliver to the myocardium and is not yet available in clinical practice. " 01/01/2021 - "LRG1 Mitigates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis through Alleviating Capillary Rarefaction and Inhibiting Inflammatory and Pro-Fibrotic Cytokines." 06/01/2011 - "These results suggest that RUPP leads to microvascular rarefaction in the heart, exaggerated cardiomyocyte size, apoptosis, fibrosis, and the alteration of cardiac gene expression that are modulated by the inflammatory cytokine TNFα." 01/01/2013 - "In conclusion, MSC therapy in the 2K-1C model (i) prevented the progressive increase of AP, (ii) improved renal morphology and microvascular rarefaction, (iii) reduced fibrosis, proteinuria and inflammatory cytokines, (iv) suppressed the intrarenal RAS, iv) decreased sympathetic hyperactivity in anesthetized animals and v) MSC were detected at the CNS suggesting that the cells crossed the blood-brain barrier. "
8.	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor BIBA 11/15/2016 - "VEGF-B also prevented capillary rarefaction in the heart and improved endothelial function in DOX-treated mice. " 07/14/2015 - "Therefore, VEGF-B might be an ideal candidate for the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy, which displays modest microvascular rarefaction and increased rate of apoptosis. "
9.	erucylphosphocholineIBA 06/01/2013 - "Pronounced weight loss induced by bariatric surgery seems to induce a significant improvement of EPC number, but not of capillary rarefaction. " 01/01/2016 - "These findings suggest a CD34+/VEGFR2+ EPC mobilization defect in IGT and T2DM that could play a role in the cardiovascular diseases and capillary rarefaction associated with insulin resistance."
10.	Long Noncoding RNAIBA 10/01/2020 - "Promising results are furthermore derived with microRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) blocking or mimetic strategies, which can target microvascular rarefaction, inflammation, metabolism or fibrotic and hypertrophic remodeling in the dysfunctional RV. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/01/2019 - "The potential angiogenic effect of SkM-Exo could provide an effective therapy for promoting skeletal muscle angiogenesis in diseases characterized by capillary rarefaction or inadequate angiogenesis." 02/01/2016 - "Emerging evidence from physiological controlled angiogenesis suggest that cases involving excessive or uncontrolled capillary expansion may be best treated by therapies designed to increase expression of negative angiogenic regulators, whereas those involving capillary rarefaction may benefit from inhibiting negative regulators (like TSP-1). " 04/01/2014 - "Furthermore, only ET-A blockade therapy reversed renal microvascular rarefaction and diminished remodeling, which was accompanied by a marked decreased in renal inflammatory and fibrogenic activity. " 05/01/2015 - "ET-A blocker therapy after PTRAS significantly improved hypertension, microvascular rarefaction, and renal injury and led to greater recovery of renal function. " 01/01/2022 - "The underlying pathological mechanism of VCID include crebromicrovascular dysfunction, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, neuroinflammation, capillary rarefaction, and microhemorrhages, etc. Despite the high incidence of VCID, no effective therapies are currently available for preventing or delaying its progression. "
2.	Bariatric Surgery 06/01/2013 - "Pronounced weight loss induced by bariatric surgery seems to induce a significant improvement of EPC number, but not of capillary rarefaction. "
3.	Resistance Training 01/01/2022 - "Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of blood flow-restricted low resistance training on microvascular rarefaction in the myocardium of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). " 01/01/2022 - "Conclusion: Blood flow-restricted low resistance training can activate the VEGF-Pi3k-Akt-eNOS pathway, upregulate the expression of VEGF in blood, improve microvascular rarefaction, and promote myocardial microvascular circulation, thereby improving cardiac function and lowering blood pressure, achieving the preventive effect of early hypertension."
4.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis) 12/01/2014 - "Capillary rarefaction: an early marker of microvascular disease in young hemodialysis patients." 12/01/2014 - "Our objective was to study capillary rarefaction in pediatric hemodialysis (HD) patients and to determine possible associations with mineral metabolism and cardiac risk biomarkers. "
5.	Nephrectomy 10/01/2016 - "rBV values closely mirrored capillary rarefaction in the corresponding nephrectomy specimens. " 11/01/2019 - "Furthermore, long-term experiments in mice with unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury showed that restoration of renal function 12 wk after a contralateral nephrectomy was associated with increasing fibrosis, but a reversal of capillary rarefaction was seen at 4 wk. These data demonstrate that clear dissociation between kidney function and fibrosis in these models of AKI to CKD progression and suggest that peritubular capillary rarefaction is more strongly associated with CKD progression than renal fibrosis." 10/19/2020 - "AGE accumulated in the gastrocnemius muscle of 5/6 nephrectomy mice in association with morphological abnormalities, capillary rarefaction, and mitochondrial dysfunction, all of which were completely inhibited by DNA-aptamer raised against AGE. "