Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease 1

Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) results from ATHEROSCLEROSIS of large and medium peripheral arteries, as well as the AORTA and often coexists with CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE and cerebrovascular disease. In addition to risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and HYPERLIPIDEMIA, a genetic factor mapping to chromosome 1p31 has been identified. OMIM: 606787

Also Known As:

Networked: 768 relevant articles (41 outcomes, 141 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Intermittent Claudication
2.	Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
3.	Coronary Artery Disease (Coronary Atherosclerosis)
4.	Ischemic Stroke
5.	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Experts

1.	Behrendt, Christian-Alexander: 4 articles (01/2021 - 01/2020)
2.	Kreutzburg, Thea: 4 articles (01/2021 - 01/2020)
3.	Marschall, Ursula: 4 articles (01/2021 - 01/2020)
4.	Peters, Frederik: 4 articles (01/2021 - 01/2020)
5.	Brodmann, Marianne: 4 articles (10/2017 - 10/2003)
6.	Linnemann, Birgit: 4 articles (04/2014 - 02/2008)
7.	Iezzi, Roberto: 4 articles (10/2013 - 11/2007)
8.	Aschwanden, Markus: 4 articles (03/2009 - 01/2005)
9.	Bilecen, Deniz: 4 articles (03/2009 - 01/2005)
10.	Kobayashi, Shuzo: 4 articles (08/2006 - 01/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease 1:

1.	Alprostadil (Muse)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/1998 - "The results indicated that iontophoretically applied PGE1 was effective in improving the impaired microcirculation due to peripheral arterial occlusive disease. " 01/01/2017 - "The aim was to assess the efficacy and safety of alprostadil in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) Fontaine Stage IV. This was a multinational, prospective, randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, parallel group trial. " 08/01/2004 - "Meta-analysis of randomised controlled prostaglandin E1 studies in peripheral arterial occlusive disease stages III and IV." 01/01/2017 - "Efficacy and Safety of Alprostadil in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease Fontaine Stage IV: Results of a Placebo Controlled Randomised Multicentre Trial (ESPECIAL)." 02/01/2010 - "Patient-based outcomes using the Walking Impairment Questionnaire for patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease treated with Lipo-PGE1."
2.	Abciximab (ReoPro)FDA Link 02/01/2004 - "Clot lysis in a primate model of peripheral arterial occlusive disease with use of systemic or intraarterial reteplase: addition of abciximab results in improved vessel reperfusion." 03/01/2004 - "The safety and efficacy of increasing doses of intraarterial reteplase monotherapy and reteplase/abciximab combination therapy were examined in patients with acute peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). " 03/01/2004 - "Reteplase monotherapy and reteplase/abciximab combination therapy in peripheral arterial occlusive disease: results from the RELAX trial." 01/01/2002 - "Initial experience with the combination of reteplase and abciximab for thrombolytic therapy in peripheral arterial occlusive disease: a pilot study." 03/01/2003 - "Both abciximab and tirofiban can be used successfully in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease and arterial thrombosis."
3.	reteplaseFDA Link 02/01/2004 - "Clot lysis in a primate model of peripheral arterial occlusive disease with use of systemic or intraarterial reteplase: addition of abciximab results in improved vessel reperfusion." 03/01/2004 - "The safety and efficacy of increasing doses of intraarterial reteplase monotherapy and reteplase/abciximab combination therapy were examined in patients with acute peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). " 03/01/2004 - "Reteplase monotherapy and reteplase/abciximab combination therapy in peripheral arterial occlusive disease: results from the RELAX trial." 01/01/2002 - "Initial experience with the combination of reteplase and abciximab for thrombolytic therapy in peripheral arterial occlusive disease: a pilot study." 02/01/2004 - "This study was designed to compare the ability of reteplase (a fibrinolytic agent) alone or in combination with abciximab (a monoclonal antibody antagonist of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa) to achieve and sustain vessel patency in an acute model of peripheral arterial occlusive disease in cynomolgus monkeys. "
4.	Ginkgo biloba extract (Rokan)IBA 01/01/1996 - "This monocenter, randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind study with parallel-group comparison was carried out in order to demonstrate the efficacy of Ginkgo biloba special extract EGb 761 on objective and subjective parameters of the walking performance in trained patients suffering from peripheral arterial occlusive disease in Fontaine stage IIb. " 07/01/2007 - "Beneficial effects of Ginkgo biloba on peripheral arterial occlusive disease have been repeatedly shown in clinical trials, especially after use of EGb 761, a standardized special extract. " 02/01/2004 - "Only randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials in patients with the indication peripheral arterial occlusive disease in stage II according to Fontaine were included (only treatment with the oral form of EGb 761). " 02/01/2004 - "Ginkgo biloba special extract EGb 761 in the treatment of peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD)--a review based on randomized, controlled studies." 06/01/1994 - "Study of the antiischemic action of EGb 761 in the treatment of peripheral arterial occlusive disease by TcPo2 determination."
5.	Cilostazol (Pletal)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2023 - "We aimed to determine whether cilostazol is beneficial in AD patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease by evaluating Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) domains. " 01/01/2021 - "There were a significantly higher number of patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease in the cilostazol group. " 03/01/2023 - "In AD patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease who have received Food and Drug Administration-approved pharmacotherapy, cilostazol, as an antiplatelet, may help to preserve general cognitive function, with significant preservation in category fluency. " 02/01/1998 - "This study evaluated the effects of cilostazol on walking distances in patients with intermittent claudication (IC) caused by peripheral arterial occlusive disease. " 03/01/2023 - "Cognitive effects of cilostazol in Alzheimer's dementia patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease: A case-control study."
6.	gadobenic acid (gadobenate dimeglumine)FDA Link 11/01/2007 - "Improved diagnostic performance and reproducibility are achievable with gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MR angiography in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease." 11/01/2007 - "The purpose of this study was to compare gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MR angiography and unenhanced time-of-flight MR angiography for the detection of significant peripheral arterial occlusive disease using digital subtraction angiography as our reference standard. " 01/01/2008 - "To compare gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA)-enhanced MR angiography (i.e., contrast-enhanced MRA [CE-MRA]) of the pedal vasculature with selective digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). " 05/01/2011 - "A total of 35 patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) underwent FP MRA (repetition time [TR]/echo time [TE]/flip angle [FA]/acquisition time [TA] = 3.5/1.2/30°/14s) at 1.5T after intravenous injection of 10 mL of gadobenate dimeglumine. " 06/01/2010 - "Higher-quality vessel visualization, greater contrast enhancement, fewer technical failures, and improved diagnostic performance are obtained with gadobenate dimeglumine, relative to gadopentetate dimeglumine, when compared intraindividually at 0.1-mmol/kg doses in patients undergoing contrast-enhanced MR angiography for suspected peripheral arterial occlusive disease."
7.	Glycoproteins (Glycoprotein)IBA 08/01/2004 - "This article will review the non-cardiac applications of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors in the setting of acute ischemic stroke, carotid and vertebral angioplasty and stenting, acute critical limb ischemia, and percutaneous interventions in peripheral arterial occlusive disease." 03/01/2002 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of eptifibatide, an inhibitor of the glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa platelet receptor, in the thrombolytic treatment of patients with acute peripheral arterial occlusive disease. " 01/01/2013 - "Premature peripheral arterial occlusive disease was characterized by the presence of a family history of peripheral arterial and carotid artery diseases (OR 2.3 and 5.8 respectively, 95% CI), high lipoprotein (a) levels above 300 mg/L (OR 2.3, 95% CI), the presence of the factor V Leiden (OR 5.1, 95% CI) and the glycoprotein Ia(807T,837T,873A) allele (OR 2.3, 95% CI). " 01/01/2002 - "To report the efficacy of catheter-directed thrombolysis with a combination of a thrombolytic agent (reteplase) and a glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa platelet receptor antagonist (abciximab) in peripheral arterial occlusive disease. "
8.	Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIbIBA 03/01/2002 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of eptifibatide, an inhibitor of the glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa platelet receptor, in the thrombolytic treatment of patients with acute peripheral arterial occlusive disease. " 01/01/2002 - "To report the efficacy of catheter-directed thrombolysis with a combination of a thrombolytic agent (reteplase) and a glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa platelet receptor antagonist (abciximab) in peripheral arterial occlusive disease. "
9.	Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/2012 - "For peripheral arterial occlusive disease, a beneficial effect of aspirin is questioned by recent studies in contrast to the recommendations given in international guidelines. " 10/01/2009 - "Ninety-eight patients with stable peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) treated with 100 mg/d aspirin were followed over a median timeframe of 17 months. " 10/01/2009 - "Variability of non-response to aspirin in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease during long-term follow-up." 11/01/1996 - "In summary, aspirin is indicated in almost all patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease, at least for preventing acute coronary or cerebrovascular events. " 01/01/2014 - "Further studies are needed to confirm our hypothesis that individual adjustments of both aspirin and clopidogrel dosages may potentially reduce the incidence of CLI in patients suffering from peripheral arterial occlusive disease."
10.	Iloprost (Ventavis)FDA Link 02/01/1998 - "Low-dose iloprost infusions compared to the standard dose in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease Fontaine stage IV. DAWID Study Group." 05/01/1996 - "Treatment of patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease Fontaine stage III and IV with intravenous iloprost: an open study in 900 patients." 01/01/1990 - "The pharmacokinetics of iloprost were studied in 12 hospitalized patients suffering from severe peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) stages III or IV according to Fontaine. " 01/01/1990 - "Pharmacokinetics of iloprost in patients with severe peripheral arterial occlusive disease." 08/02/2023 - "Introduction: In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare whether perioperative additional intravenous (IV) Iloprost therapy to percutaneous balloon angioplasty for peripheral arterial occlusive disease improves patency and reintervention.Methods"

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/20/2006 - "Novel treatment for therapy-refractory peripheral arterial occlusive disease]." 02/28/2012 - "The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of interventional therapy for peripheral arterial occlusive disease and the difference between diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients. " 02/28/2012 - "Efficacy of endoluminal interventional therapy in diabetic peripheral arterial occlusive disease: a retrospective trial." 01/01/2020 - "A retrospective cohort study on the provision and outcomes of pharmacological therapy after revascularisation for peripheral arterial occlusive disease: a study protocol." 05/01/2013 - "A phase I study of human cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease."
2.	Catheters 10/01/1997 - "An invasive diagnostic procedure as angiography which involves direct arterial injection of contrast through suitable catheters, is still considered the gold standard in the evaluation of diabetic patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. " 01/01/2001 - "Contrast-enhanced moving-table MR angiography may be an effective alternative to catheter arteriography in endovascular and surgical treatment planning in selected patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease, but larger studies are necessary to confirm this." 06/01/1980 - "The results of our pathologic studies demonstrated that a Grüntzig catheter does not damage arteries in vitro, and our clinical results confirm the observations made by Grüntzig and indicate that this technique has a role in management of certain patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. " 03/01/2010 - "CTA has displaced conventional catheter arteriography in a large range of applications and is predominantly used in the evaluation of atherosclerotic peripheral arterial occlusive disease in symptomatic patients who are candidates for intervention. " 10/01/2002 - "Contrast-enhanced MR angiography can take the place of catheter angiography in the routine work-up of patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. "
3.	Hemodilution 01/01/1991 - "It is concluded that hemodilution is effective for peripheral arterial occlusive disease stage II and probably even more effective in more advanced stages." 01/01/2000 - "Hypervolumetric hemodilution with HES 100/0.5 10% in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (Fontaine, stage II): an open clinical and pharmacological phase IV study." 01/01/1990 - "[Hemodilution in peripheral arterial occlusive disease--study comparing 3 different variants of hemodilution]." 03/01/1994 - "Hypervolemic hemodilution with or without venesection in peripheral arterial occlusive disease stage II." 08/01/1991 - "In normotensive animals without peripheral arterial occlusive disease undergoing moderate hemodilution, organ blood flow was independent of plasma viscosity. "
4.	Exercise Therapy (Therapy, Exercise) 04/01/1997 - "Supervised, hospital-based exercise rehabilitation programs are effective for improving functional status for patients with claudication due to peripheral arterial occlusive disease. " 04/01/2000 - "The purpose of this study was to determine whether a 6-month exercise rehabilitation program can improve cardiovascular risk factors in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). " 03/01/2012 - "When is supervised exercise therapy considered useful in peripheral arterial occlusive disease? " 06/01/2001 - "Thirty-one of 61 patients with Fontaine stage II peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) were randomized to exercise rehabilitation and 30 to usual-care control. " 04/01/2000 - "Effects of exercise rehabilitation on cardiovascular risk factors in older patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease."
5.	Secondary Prevention 01/01/1997 - "Symptomatic end-stage arterial disease in coronary artery or peripheral arterial occlusive disease represents an increasing clinical problem as cardiovascular mortality in these patient groups has declined due to improved secondary prevention. " 09/01/2021 - "[Medication-based secondary prevention in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease : An analysis based on secondary data]." 03/01/2016 - "Low-dose ASA has been shown to effectively prevent about one fifth of atherothrombotic vascular complications in patients with previous myocardial infarction, peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD), or stroke 2. In secondary prevention, the benefits of antiplatelet therapy substantially exceed its risk 2. By contrast, recommendations for the use of ASA in primary prevention are still a matter of controversy. " 01/01/2011 - "Antiplatelet agents are effective in primary and secondary prevention of arterial thrombosis (cardiovascular events, ischaemic stroke, and peripheral arterial occlusive disease). "