Abstract |
Six nucleoside analogues, two sulfated polysaccharides, and four protease inhibitors were evaluated in vitro as inhibitors of influenza virus replication. Four guanosine analogues (mizoribine, ribavirin, pyrazofurin, and 5-ethynyl-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylimidazole-4-carboxamide), the sulfated polysaccharide dextran sulfate (molecular weight 500,000), and two protease inhibitors ( camostat mesilate and nafamostat mesilate) were inhibitory to the replication of strains of influenza virus types A and B at concentrations down to 0.3 micrograms/mL. Of these seven compounds, ribavirin, camostat mesilate, and nafamostat mesilate were efficacious in both reducing the virus titer and increasing the survival rate of influenza virus-infected chick embryos. For camostat mesilate, the ED50 (required to improve the survival rate of influenza virus-infected chick embryos by 50%) was 0.80 micrograms/g, and its selectivity index, based on the ratio of the 50% toxic dose (required to reduce the viability of chick embryos by 50%) to ED50, was 280. Camostat mesilate deserves further exploration for its potential in the treatment of influenza virus infection.
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Authors | M Hosoya, S Shigeta, T Ishii, H Suzuki, E De Clercq |
Journal | The Journal of infectious diseases
(J Infect Dis)
Vol. 168
Issue 3
Pg. 641-6
(Sep 1993)
ISSN: 0022-1899 [Print] United States |
PMID | 8354905
(Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)
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Chemical References |
- Antiviral Agents
- Benzamidines
- Esters
- Guanidines
- Nucleosides
- Protease Inhibitors
- camostat
- Guanosine
- Ribavirin
- Gabexate
- Dextran Sulfate
- Adenosine
- nafamostat
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Topics |
- Adenosine
(analogs & derivatives)
- Animals
- Antiviral Agents
(pharmacology)
- Benzamidines
- Cells, Cultured
- Chick Embryo
- Dextran Sulfate
(pharmacology)
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Esters
- Gabexate
(analogs & derivatives)
- Guanidines
(pharmacology)
- Guanosine
(analogs & derivatives)
- Influenza A virus
(drug effects, growth & development)
- Influenza B virus
(drug effects, growth & development)
- Nucleosides
(pharmacology)
- Protease Inhibitors
(pharmacology)
- Ribavirin
(pharmacology)
- Virus Replication
(drug effects)
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