Surgeon's steering behaviour towards patients to participate in a cluster randomised trial on active surveillance for oesophageal cancer: A qualitative study.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Few studies have been conducted into how physicians use steering behaviour that may persuade patients to choose for a particular treatment, let alone to participate in a randomised trial. The aim of this study is to assess if and how surgeons use steering behaviour in their information provision to patients in their choice to participate in a stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial investigating an organ sparing treatment in (curable) oesophageal cancer (SANO trial).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A qualitative study was performed. Thematic content analysis was applied to audiotaped and transcribed consultations of twenty patients with eight different oncological surgeons in three Dutch hospitals. Patients could choose to participate in a clinical trial in which an experimental treatment of 'active surveillance' (AS) was offered. Patients who did not want to participate underwent standard treatment: neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by oesophagectomy.

RESULTS:

Surgeons used various techniques to steer patients towards one of the two options, mostly towards AS. The presentation of pros and cons of treatment options was imbalanced: positive framing of AS was used to steer patients towards the choice for AS, and negative framing of AS to make the choice for surgery more attractive. Further, steering language, i.e. suggestive language, was used, and surgeons seemed to use the timing of the introduction of the different treatment options, to put more focus on one of the treatment options.

CONCLUSION:

Awareness of steering behaviour can help to guide physicians in more objectively informing patients on participation in future clinical trials.

• Authors: Mathijs R de Veer, Merel Hermus, Charlène J van der Zijden, Berend J van der Wilk, Bas P L Wijnhoven, Anne M Stiggelbout, Jan Willem T Dekker, Peter Paul L O Coene, Jan J Busschbach, Jan J B van Lanschot, Sjoerd M Lagarde, Leonieke W Kranenburg
• Journal: European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology (Eur J Surg Oncol) Vol. 49 Issue 10 Pg. 106935 (Oct 2023) ISSN: 1532-2157 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 37210275 (Publication Type: Randomized Controlled Trial, Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Topics

• Humans
• Watchful Waiting
• Esophageal Neoplasms (surgery)
• Neoadjuvant Therapy
• Surgeons