Abstract | BACKGROUND: Early life stress (ELS) is associated with the development of schizophrenia later in life. The hippocampus develops significantly during childhood and is extremely reactive to stress. In rodent models, ELS can induce neuroinflammation, hippocampal neuronal loss, and schizophrenia-like behavior. While nicotinamide (NAM) can inhibit microglial inflammation, it is unknown whether NAM treatment during adolescence reduces hippocampal neuronal loss and abnormal behaviors induced by ELS. METHODS: RESULTS: Compared with controls, only MS animals in the adult stage (PND56-65) but not the adolescent stage (PND31-40) exhibited pre-pulse inhibition deficits and cognitive impairments mimicking schizophrenia symptoms. MS decreased the survival and activity of puberty-born neurons and hippocampal NAD+ and Sirt3 expression in adulthood. These observations were related to an increase in acetylated SOD2, microglial activation, and significant increases in pro-inflammatory IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 expression. All the effects of MS at PND9 were reversed by administering NAM in adolescence (PND35-65). CONCLUSIONS: MS may lead to schizophrenia-like phenotypes and persistent hippocampal abnormalities. NAM may be a safe and effective treatment in adolescence to restore normal hippocampal function and prevent or ameliorate schizophrenia-like behavior.
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Authors | Keke Hao, Huiling Wang, Yuejin Zhang, Xinhui Xie, Huan Huang, Cheng Chen, Shilin Xu, Rui Xu, Chang Shu, Zhongchun Liu, Yuan Zhou, Gavin P Reynolds, Gaohua Wang |
Journal | Journal of neuroinflammation
(J Neuroinflammation)
Vol. 19
Issue 1
Pg. 232
(Sep 21 2022)
ISSN: 1742-2094 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 36131290
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Copyright | © 2022. The Author(s). |
Chemical References |
- Interleukin-6
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
- NAD
- Niacinamide
- Sirtuin 3
- Bromodeoxyuridine
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Topics |
- Animals
- Bromodeoxyuridine
(metabolism)
- Cognition
- Hippocampus
(metabolism)
- Interleukin-6
(metabolism)
- Maternal Deprivation
- NAD
(metabolism, pharmacology)
- Neurons
(metabolism)
- Niacinamide
(metabolism, pharmacology)
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Sexual Maturation
- Sirtuin 3
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
(metabolism)
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