Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anal HPV Infection in MSM Living With HIV: Identifying the Target Groups to Prioritize for Immunization.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Aims of this study are assessing prevalence of anal human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in male who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV over a period of 5 years and determining risk factors for anal infection from high-risk (HR) HPV genotypes or included in vaccine Gardasil 9.

SETTING:

Time-trend, monocentric study on MSM living with HIV who underwent HPV test at anal site from 2015 to 2019.

METHODS:

Anal swabs were processed by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect HPV genotypes. The Cochran-Armitage test was used to assess linear trend in HPV prevalence over time and logistic regression models to estimate risk factors.

RESULTS:

Of the 1352 MSM living with HIV, 168 (12%) were not infected by any HPV genotypes and only 6 were infected with a maximum of 6 genotypes; prevalence of HR-HPV genotypes or those included in the 9-valent vaccine remained stable over time. At multivariable analysis, the risk of carrying at least 1 genotype classified as HR or included in Gardasil 9 was associated with younger age [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for younger than 30 years vs older than 45 years (95% confidence interval) 2.714 (1.484 to 4.961), P = 0.001, and 1.868 (1.141 to 3.060), P < 0.013, respectively] and a history of gonorrhea [aOR 2.118 (1.100 to 4.078), P = 0.025, and 1.785 (1.056 to 3.018), P = 0.031, respectively].

CONCLUSION:

Our findings suggest that prevalence remained stable over time and that all MSM with HIV would benefit from Gardasil 9 immunization, particularly the youngest and those with a prior gonococcal infection.

• Authors: Elena Bruzzesi, Laura Galli, Andrea Poli, Simona Bossolasco, Massimo Cernuschi, Vincenzo Spagnuolo, Andrea Marco Tamburini, Diana Canetti, Emanuela Messina, Nicola Gianotti, Angelo Roberto Raccagni, Antonella Castagna, Silvia Nozza
• Journal: Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) (J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr) Vol. 91 Issue 2 Pg. 226-231 (10 01 2022) ISSN: 1944-7884 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 35973060 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Topics

• Adult
• Anal Canal
• HIV Infections (complications, epidemiology)
• Homosexuality, Male
• Humans
• Male
• Papillomaviridae (genetics)
• Papillomavirus Infections (complications, epidemiology, prevention & control)
• Prevalence
• Risk Factors
• Sexual and Gender Minorities
• Vaccination