Abstract | BACKGROUND: OBJECTIVE: METHODS: We conducted a series of observational retrospective analyses using the electronic health records (EHRs) of the Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York Presbyterian (CUIMC/NYP) up to September 21, 2021. New York City (NYC) adult residences with at least 1 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) record were included in this analysis. Poisson regression was performed to assess the association between the breakthrough infection rate in vaccinated individuals and multiple risk factors-including vaccine brand, demographics, and underlying conditions-while adjusting for calendar month, prior number of visits, and observational days in the EHR. RESULTS: The overall estimated breakthrough infection rate was 0.16 (95% CI 0.14-0.18). Individuals who were vaccinated with Pfizer/ BNT162b2 (incidence rate ratio [ IRR] against Moderna/ mRNA-1273=1.66, 95% CI 1.17-2.35) were male ( IRR against female=1.47, 95% CI 1.11-1.94) and had compromised immune systems ( IRR=1.48, 95% CI 1.09-2.00) were at the highest risk for breakthrough infections. Among all underlying conditions, those with primary immunodeficiency, a history of organ transplant, an active tumor, use of immunosuppressant medications, or Alzheimer disease were at the highest risk. CONCLUSIONS: Although we found both mRNA vaccines were effective, Moderna/ mRNA-1273 had a lower incidence rate of breakthrough infections. Immunocompromised and male individuals were among the highest risk groups experiencing breakthrough infections. Given the rapidly changing nature of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, continued monitoring and a generalizable analysis pipeline are warranted to inform quick updates on vaccine effectiveness in real time.
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Authors | Cong Liu, Junghwan Lee, Casey Ta, Ali Soroush, James R Rogers, Jae Hyun Kim, Karthik Natarajan, Jason Zucker, Yehoshua Perl, Chunhua Weng |
Journal | JMIR public health and surveillance
(JMIR Public Health Surveill)
Vol. 8
Issue 5
Pg. e35311
(05 24 2022)
ISSN: 2369-2960 [Electronic] Canada |
PMID | 35486806
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)
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Copyright | ©Cong Liu, Junghwan Lee, Casey Ta, Ali Soroush, James R Rogers, Jae Hyun Kim, Karthik Natarajan, Jason Zucker, Yehoshua Perl, Chunhua Weng. Originally published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (https://publichealth.jmir.org), 24.05.2022. |
Chemical References |
- 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273
- BNT162 Vaccine
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Topics |
- 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273
(administration & dosage)
- Adult
- BNT162 Vaccine
(administration & dosage)
- COVID-19
(epidemiology, prevention & control)
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- New York City
(epidemiology)
- Retrospective Studies
- Risk Factors
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