Advanced glycation end products correlate with breast cancer metastasis by activating RAGE/TLR4 signaling.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

This study was aimed to investigate the mechanisms of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in promoting invasion and metastasis of breast cancer.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:

Patients with 131 breast cancer were enrolled in a cohort and followed up to investigate the association between AGEs and metastasis. Serum AGE concentrations were detected by ELISA. Breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells were exposed to generated AGE-bovine serum albumin (BSA). CCK-8 assay was used to select the non-cytotoxic concentrations of AGE-BSA. Small interfering RNA was used to knock down Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Migration and invasion were evaluated by wound healing and transwell assays. Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to detect the gene expressions.

RESULTS:

In the cohort study, metastasis incidence was significantly correlated with serum AGE concentrations in patients with breast cancer (adjusted OR=1.75, 95% CI=1.20 to 2.57, p=0.004). During follow-up, metastasis interval was significantly shorter in diabetic than non-diabetic subjects. In the in vitro study, AGE-BSA incubation significantly promoted migration and invasion of cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. AGE-BSA dramatically increased expressions of receptor for AGEs (RAGE), TLR4, myeloid differentiation factor (MyD88), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), promoted nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB (NFκB) p65, but decreased the expression of inhibitor of NFκB (IκBα). TLR4 silencing significantly suppressed migration and invasion of cancer cells exposed to AGE-BSA. TLR4 silencing reduced the expression of MyD88 and MMP9, as well as nuclear translocation of NFκB p65 but increased IκBα expression in AGE-BSA-incubated breast cancer cells.

CONCLUSIONS:

AGEs are correlated with metastasis of breast cancer. AGEs' promoting effects on migration and invasion of breast cancer cells via activating RAGE/TLR4/MyD88 signaling were suggested as the involved mechanism.

• Authors: Shuo Pan, Yitong Guan, Yanpeng Ma, Qianwei Cui, Zhiguo Tang, Jingyuan Li, Chao Zu, Yong Zhang, Ling Zhu, Jie Jiang, Zhongwei Liu
• Journal: BMJ open diabetes research & care (BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care) Vol. 10 Issue 2 (03 2022) ISSN: 2052-4897 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 35346972 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

Chemical References

• Glycation End Products, Advanced
• Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88
• TLR4 protein, human
• Toll-Like Receptor 4
• NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha
• Matrix Metalloproteinase 9

Topics

• Breast Neoplasms (genetics, pathology)
• Cohort Studies
• Female
• Glycation End Products, Advanced (metabolism, pharmacology)
• Humans
• Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (genetics, metabolism)
• Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 (genetics, metabolism)
• NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha (metabolism)
• Toll-Like Receptor 4 (genetics, metabolism)