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A Synergistic New Approach Toward Enhanced Antibacterial Efficacy via Antimicrobial Peptide Immobilization on a Nitric Oxide-Releasing Surface.

Abstract
Despite technological advancement, nosocomial infections are prevalent due to the rise of antibiotic resistance. A combinatorial approach with multimechanistic antibacterial activity is desired for an effective antibacterial medical device surface strategy. In this study, an antimicrobial peptide, nisin, is immobilized onto biomimetic nitric oxide (NO)-releasing medical-grade silicone rubber (SR) via mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) as a bonding agent to reduce the risk of infection. Immobilization of nisin on NO-releasing SR (SR-SNAP-Nisin) and the surface characteristics were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and contact angle measurements. The NO release profile (7 days) and diffusion of SNAP from SR-SNAP-Nisin were quantified using chemiluminescence-based nitric oxide analyzers and UV-vis spectroscopy, respectively. Nisin quantification showed a greater affinity of nisin immobilization toward SNAP-doped SR. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry analysis on surface nisin leaching for 120 h under physiological conditions demonstrated the stability of nisin immobilization on PDA coatings. SR-SNAP-Nisin shows versatile in vitro anti-infection efficacy against Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus in the planktonic and adhered states. Furthermore, the combination of NO and nisin has a superior ability to impair biofilm formation on polymer surfaces. SR-SNAP-Nisin leachates did not elicit cytotoxicity toward mouse fibroblast cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells, indicating the biocompatibility of the material in vitro. The preventative and therapeutic potential of SR-SNAP-Nisin dictated by two bioactive agents may offer a promising antibacterial surface strategy.
AuthorsArnab Mondal, Priyadarshini Singha, Megan Douglass, Lori Estes, Mark Garren, Lauren Griffin, Anil Kumar, Hitesh Handa
JournalACS applied materials & interfaces (ACS Appl Mater Interfaces) Vol. 13 Issue 37 Pg. 43892-43903 (Sep 22 2021) ISSN: 1944-8252 [Electronic] United States
PMID34516076 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
Chemical References
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Immobilized Proteins
  • Indoles
  • Nitric Oxide Donors
  • Polymers
  • Silicone Elastomers
  • polydopamine
  • Nisin
  • S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine
Topics
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents (chemistry, pharmacology, toxicity)
  • Biofilms (drug effects)
  • Cell Survival (drug effects)
  • Escherichia coli (drug effects, physiology)
  • Immobilized Proteins (chemistry, pharmacology, toxicity)
  • Indoles (chemistry, toxicity)
  • Mice
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • NIH 3T3 Cells
  • Nisin (chemistry, pharmacology, toxicity)
  • Nitric Oxide Donors (chemistry, pharmacology, toxicity)
  • Polymers (chemistry, toxicity)
  • S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine (chemistry, pharmacology, toxicity)
  • Silicone Elastomers (chemistry, toxicity)
  • Staphylococcus aureus (drug effects, physiology)

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