Tailored eradication strategy vs concomitant therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment in Korean patients.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Antibiotic resistance to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, which ultimately results in eradication failure, has been an emerging issue in the clinical field. Recently, to overcome this problem, an antibiotic sensitivity-based tailored therapy (TT) for H. pylori infection has received attention.

AIM:

To investigate the efficacy and safety profiles of TT for H. pylori infection treatment compared to a non-bismuth quadruple therapy, concomitant therapy (CT) regimen.

METHODS:

We included patients (> 18 years) with an H. pylori infection and without a history of Helicobacter eradication who visited the Gil Medical Center between March 2016 and October 2020. After being randomly assigned to either the TT or CT treatment group in 1 to 1 manner, patient compliance, eradication success rate (ESR), and patient-reported side effects profiles were assessed and compared between the two groups. H. pylori infection was diagnosed using a rapid urease test, Giemsa stain, or dual priming oligonucleotide polymerase chain reaction (DPO-PCR). Tailored eradication strategy based through the presence of a 23S ribosomal RNA point mutation. For the TT group, a DPO-PCR test, which detected A2142G and/or A2143G point mutations, and a clarithromycin resistance test were performed. Patients in the clarithromycin-resistant group were treated with a bismuth-containing quadruple combination therapy, while those with sensitive results were treated with the standard triple regimen.

RESULTS:

Of the 217 patients with a treatment naive H. pylori infection, 110 patients [mean age: 58.66 ± 13.03, men, n = 55 (50%)] were treated with TT, and 107 patients [mean age: 56.67 ± 10.88, men, n = 52 (48.60%)] were treated with CT. The compliance (TT vs CT, 100% vs 98.13%, P = 0.30), and follow-up loss rates (8.18% vs 9.35%, P = 0.95) were not significantly different between the groups. The ESR after treatment was also not statistically different between the groups (TT vs CT, 82.73% vs 82.24%, P = 0.95). However, the treatment-related and patient-reported side effects were significantly lower in the TT group than in the CT group (22.77% vs 50.52%, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

The DPO-based TT regimen shows promising results in efficacy and safety profiles as a first-line Helicobacter eradication regimen in Korea, especially when physicians are confronted with increased antibiotic resistance rates.

• Authors: Youn I Choi, Jun-Won Chung, Kyoung Oh Kim, Kwang An Kwon, Yoon Jae Kim, Jung Ho Kim, Ja Young Seo, Dong Kyun Park
• Journal: World journal of gastroenterology (World J Gastroenterol) Vol. 27 Issue 31 Pg. 5247-5258 (Aug 21 2021) ISSN: 2219-2840 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 34497448 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• Proton Pump Inhibitors
• Amoxicillin
• Clarithromycin

Topics

• Aged
• Amoxicillin (therapeutic use)
• Anti-Bacterial Agents (adverse effects)
• Clarithromycin (adverse effects)
• Drug Therapy, Combination
• Helicobacter Infections (diagnosis, drug therapy)
• Helicobacter pylori
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Proton Pump Inhibitors (adverse effects)
• Republic of Korea