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Plasma treatment causes structural modifications in lysozyme, and increases cytotoxicity towards cancer cells.

Abstract
Bacterial and mammalian proteins, such as lysozyme, are gaining increasing interest as anticancer drugs. This study aims to modify the lysozyme structure using cold atmospheric plasma to boost its cancer cell killing effect. We investigated the structure at acidic and neutral pH using various experimental techniques (circular dichroism, fluorescence, and mass spectrometry) and molecular dynamics simulations. The controlled structural modification of lysozyme at neutral pH enhances its activity, while the activity was lost at acidic pH at the same treatment conditions. Indeed, a larger number of amino acids were oxidized at acidic pH after plasma treatment, which results in a greater distortion of the lysozyme structure, whereas only limited structural changes were observed in lysozyme after plasma treatment at neutral pH. We found that the plasma-treated lysozyme significantly induced apoptosis to the cancer cells. Our results reveal that plasma-treated lysozyme could have potential as a new cancer cell killing drug.
AuthorsPankaj Attri, Nagendra Kumar Kaushik, Neha Kaushik, Dietmar Hammerschmid, Angela Privat-Maldonado, Joey De Backer, Masaharu Shiratani, Eun Ha Choi, Annemie Bogaerts
JournalInternational journal of biological macromolecules (Int J Biol Macromol) Vol. 182 Pg. 1724-1736 (Jul 01 2021) ISSN: 1879-0003 [Electronic] Netherlands
PMID34051258 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
CopyrightCopyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Chemical References
  • Peptides
  • Plasma Gases
  • Tryptophan
  • Muramidase
Topics
  • Apoptosis (drug effects)
  • Cell Death (drug effects)
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Survival (drug effects)
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Molecular Dynamics Simulation
  • Muramidase (chemistry)
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Peptides (chemistry)
  • Plasma Gases (pharmacology)
  • Protein Conformation
  • Spectrometry, Fluorescence
  • Transition Temperature
  • Tryptophan (metabolism)

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