Atypical toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis in patients with malignant hematological diseases.

Abstract

In immunocompromised patients, toxoplasmosis may have atypical presentation with bilateral, extensive or multifocal involvement. We report a case series of atypical toxoplasmic retinocoroiditis in patients with malignant hematological diseases who are usually immunosuppressed. Four patients were diagnosed of atypical toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis, all of them had immunosuppression (100%) and half of them (50%) had received a bone marrow transplant. The polymerase chain reaction for toxoplasma was positive in 75% of cases, and in one case (25%) the diagnosis was made with clinical and serological criteria. One patient presented ocular toxoplasmosis despite being on prophylactic treatment with atovaquone. Patients with atypical ocular toxoplasmosis and hematological diseases are generally immunocompromised, but they do not always have history of a bone marrow transplant. The presentation may be due to a primary infection or a reactivation of the disease. The aqueous humor and/or vitreous polymerase chain reaction allow confirming the diagnosis to perform a proper treatment.

• Authors: J P Figueroa-Vercellino, L Miguel, A Moll-Udina, C Alba-Linero, V Llorenç, A Adán
• Journal: Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia (Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed)) Vol. 96 Issue 3 Pg. 152-156 (Mar 2021) ISSN: 2173-5794 [Electronic] Spain
• Vernacular Title: Retinocoroiditis toxoplásmica de presentación atípica en pacientes con enfermedades hematológicas malignas.
• PMID: 32651033 (Publication Type: Case Reports)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2020 Sociedad Española de Oftalmología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.