Hepatitis B vaccine development and implementation.

Abstract

Vaccination against hepatitis B is the most effective strategy to control HBV infection. The first licensed hepatitis B vaccine was developed by the purification of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) from plasma of asymptomatic HBsAg carriers. Then, the recombinant DNA technology enabled the development of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. A series of three doses vaccine can elicit long-term protection more than 30 y. Concurrent use of hepatitis B immunoglobulin and hepatitis B vaccine has substantially reduced the mother-to-child transmission of HBV, nearly zero infection in children of carrier mother with negative hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and 5-10% infection in children of HBeAg-positive mothers. By the end of 2018, 189 countries adopted universal hepatitis B vaccination program, which has dramatically reduced the global prevalence of HBsAg in children <5 y of age, from 4.7% in the prevaccine era to 1.3% in 2015. However, the implementation of universal hepatitis B vaccination in some regions is suboptimal and timely birth dose vaccine is not routinely administered in more than half of newborn infants. Optimal worldwide universal hepatitis B vaccination requires more efforts to overcome the social and economic challenges.

• Authors: Hong Zhao, Xiaoying Zhou, Yi-Hua Zhou
• Journal: Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (Hum Vaccin Immunother) Vol. 16 Issue 7 Pg. 1533-1544 (07 02 2020) ISSN: 2164-554X [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 32186974 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
• Hepatitis B Vaccines
• Hepatitis B e Antigens

Topics

• Child
• Female
• Hepatitis B (prevention & control)
• Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
• Hepatitis B Vaccines
• Hepatitis B e Antigens
• Humans
• Infant
• Infant, Newborn
• Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical (prevention & control)
• Pregnancy
• Pregnancy Complications, Infectious