Low frequency of hypersensitivity reactions to abacavir in HIV infected patients in a referral center in Bahia, Brazil.

Abstract

Abacavir can cause a multi-systemic hypersensitivity reaction (HSR) in 5-8% of the patients, which is related to HLA-B*57-01 allele. In Brazil, the HLA-B*57-01 screening test became available only in March 2018, several years after abacavir was in use. In this retrospective study we reviewed medical charts of all patients receiving an abacavir-containing regimen to evaluate the frequency of HSR in patients followed at a referral center in Salvador, Brazil. A total of 192 patients who received abacavir were identified, most male (67.1%), black or racially mixed (77.8%), and having diagnosis of a previous AIDS defining conditions (83.7%). Only one patient developed HSR (incidence: 0.52%). The main reasons for abacavir-containing antiretroviral therapy discontinuation were virological failure (28%), adverse effects to other components of the regimen (25%), and simplification of therapy (16%). The low incidence of HSR to abacavir does not support the use of HLA-B*57-01 screening test, in Salvador, Brazil.

• Authors: Raphael Gusmão Barreto, Carlos Brites
• Journal: The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases (Braz J Infect Dis) 2019 Jul - Aug Vol. 23 Issue 4 Pg. 268-270 ISSN: 1678-4391 [Electronic] Brazil
• PMID: 31374183 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U.

Chemical References

• Anti-HIV Agents
• Dideoxynucleosides
• abacavir

Topics

• Adult
• Anti-HIV Agents (adverse effects)
• Brazil (epidemiology)
• Dideoxynucleosides (adverse effects)
• Drug Hypersensitivity (epidemiology, etiology)
• Female
• HIV Infections (drug therapy)
• Humans
• Incidence
• Male
• Retrospective Studies