Neuropsychiatric disorders (NPDs) are among the major debilitating disorders worldwide with multiple etiological factors. However, in recent years, psychoneuroimmunology uncovered the role of inflammatory condition and autoimmune disorders in the etiopathogenesis of different NPDs. Hence, resolution of
inflammation is a new therapeutic target of NPDs. On the other hand, Helminth
infections are among the most prevalent
infectious diseases in underdeveloped countries, which usually caused
chronic infections with minor clinical symptoms. Remarkably, helminths are among the master regulator of inflammatory reactions and epidemiological studies have shown an inverse association between prevalence of autoimmune disorders with these
infections. As such, changes of intestinal microbiota are known to be associated with inflammatory conditions in various NPDs. Conversely, helminth colonization alters the intestinal microbiota composition that leads to suppression of intestinal
inflammation. In animal models and human studies, helminths or their
antigens have shown to be protected against severe autoimmune and allergic disorders, decline the intensity of inflammatory reactions and improved clinical symptoms of the patients. Therefore, "
helminthic therapy" have been used for modulation of immune disturbances in different autoimmunity illnesses, such as
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Here, it is proposed that "
helminthic therapy" is able to ameliorate
neuroinflammation of NPDs through
immunomodulation of inflammatory reactions and alteration of microbiota composition. This review discusses the potential application of "
helminthic therapy" for resolution of
neuroinflammation in NPDs.