Compared to patients with T1D, subjects with
MODY3 had higher fasting
C-peptide levels (1.34 ± 1.51 vs. 0.29 ± 0.22 ng/mL; P < 0.001) and lower
high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (
hsCRP) levels (0.18 ± 0.15 vs. 1.22 ± 1.49 mg/L, P = 0.004); patients with
MODY2 had lower
hsCRP (0.37 ± 0.39 vs. 1.22 ± 1.49 mg/L; P = 0.003), total
cholesterol (4.12 ± 0.68 vs. 4.61 ± 0.81 mmol/L, P = 0.034), and
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (
LDL-C) (2.24 ± 0.68 vs. 2.67 ± 0.79 ng/L, P = 0.002) levels and higher fasting
C-peptide levels (0.96 ± 0.42 vs. 0.29 ± 0.22 ng/mL, P = 0.002). The ROC-derived
hsCRP values for discriminating
MODY2 from T1D,
MODY3 from T1D, and
MODY3 from
MODY2 were 0.675, 0.833, and 0.763, respectively. The ROC-derived fasting
C-peptide levels for discriminating
MODY2 from T1D and
MODY3 from T1D were 0.951 and 0.975, respectively. The ROC-derived total
cholesterol and
LDL-C values for discriminating
MODY2 from T1D were 0.670 and 0.662, respectively; the ROC-derived
triglyceride value for discriminating
MODY3 from
MODY2 was 0.756. Additionally, a combination of indicators permitted better discrimination of
MODY subtypes than any single parameter.
CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that fasting
C-peptide,
hsCRP, and
lipid levels permit good discrimination among
MODY2,
MODY3, and T1D. These clinical indicators could be used as markers of
MODY2 and
MODY3 in young patients with diabetes.