Aberrant regulation of epigenetic modifiers contributes to the pathogenesis in patients with selenoprotein N-related myopathies.

Abstract

Congenital myopathies are early onset, slowly progressive neuromuscular disorders of variable severity. They are genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous and caused by pathogenic variants in several genes. Multi-minicore Disease, one of the more common congenital myopathies, is frequently caused by recessive variants in either SELENON, encoding the endoplasmic reticulum glycoprotein selenoprotein N or RYR1, encoding a protein involved in calcium homeostasis and excitation-contraction coupling. The mechanism by which recessive SELENON variants cause Multiminicore disease (MmD) is unclear. Here, we extensively investigated muscle physiological, biochemical and epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNA expression, to understand the pathomechanism of MmD. We identified biochemical changes that are common in patients harboring recessive RYR1 and SELENON variants, including depletion of transcripts encoding proteins involved in skeletal muscle calcium homeostasis, increased levels of Class II histone deacetylases (HDACs) and DNA methyltransferases. CpG methylation analysis of genomic DNA of patients with RYR1 and SELENON variants identified >3,500 common aberrantly methylated genes, many of which are involved in calcium signaling. These results provide the proof of concept for the potential use of drugs targeting HDACs and DNA methyltransferases to treat patients with specific forms of congenital myopathies.

• Authors: Christoph Bachmann, Faiza Noreen, Nicol C Voermans, Primo L Schär, John Vissing, Johanna M Fock, Saskia Bulk, Benno Kusters, Steven A Moore, Alan H Beggs, Katherine D Mathews, Megan Meyer, Casie A Genetti, Giovanni Meola, Rosanna Cardani, Emma Mathews, Heinz Jungbluth, Francesco Muntoni, Francesco Zorzato, Susan Treves
• Journal: Human mutation (Hum Mutat) Vol. 40 Issue 7 Pg. 962-974 (07 2019) ISSN: 1098-1004 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 30932294 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Chemical References

• Muscle Proteins
• RYR1 protein, human
• Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel
• SELENON protein, human
• Selenoproteins
• DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases
• Histone Deacetylases

Topics

• Adolescent
• Cells, Cultured
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• CpG Islands
• DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases (genetics)
• DNA Methylation
• Epigenesis, Genetic
• Histone Code
• Histone Deacetylases (genetics)
• Humans
• Muscle Proteins (genetics)
• Muscular Diseases (congenital, genetics)
• Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel (genetics)
• Selenoproteins (genetics)
• Whole Genome Sequencing