Abstract |
Germline variants that affect function are found in seven genes of the BAF chromatin-remodeling complex. They are linked to a broad range of diseases that, according to the gene affected, range from non-syndromic or syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders to low-grade tumors and malignancies. In the current meta-analysis, we evaluate genetic and clinical data from more than 400 families and 577 patients affected by BAF germline alterations. We focus on SMARCB1, including 43 unpublished patients from the EU-RHAB registry and our institution. For this gene, we further demonstrate whole gene as well as exon deletions and truncating variants to be associated with malignancy and early-onset disease. In contrast, non-truncating variants are associated with non-malignant disorders, such as Coffin-Siris syndrome or late-onset tumors like schwannoma or meningioma (p < 0.0001). SMARCB1 germline variants are distributed across the gene with variants in exons 1, 2, 8, and 9 being associated with low-grade entities, and single- nucleotide variants or indels outside of exon 9 that appear in patients with malignancies (p < 0.001). We attribute variants in specific BAF genes to certain disease entities. Finally, single- nucleotide variants and indels are sometimes detected in the healthy relatives of tumor patients, while Coffin-Siris syndrome and Nicolaides-Baraitser syndrome generally seem to appear de novo. Our findings add further information on the genotype-phenotype association of germline variants detected in genes of the BAF complex. Functional studies are urgently needed for a deeper understanding of BAF-related disorders and may take advantage from the comprehensive information gathered in this article.
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Authors | Till Holsten, Susanne Bens, Florian Oyen, Karolina Nemes, Martin Hasselblatt, Uwe Kordes, Reiner Siebert, Michael C Frühwald, Reinhard Schneppenheim, Ulrich Schüller |
Journal | European journal of human genetics : EJHG
(Eur J Hum Genet)
Vol. 26
Issue 8
Pg. 1083-1093
(08 2018)
ISSN: 1476-5438 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 29706634
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)
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Chemical References |
- SMARCB1 Protein
- SMARCB1 protein, human
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Topics |
- Abnormalities, Multiple
(genetics, pathology)
- Face
(abnormalities, pathology)
- Germ-Line Mutation
- Hand Deformities, Congenital
(genetics, pathology)
- Humans
- Intellectual Disability
(genetics, pathology)
- Meningeal Neoplasms
(genetics, pathology)
- Meningioma
(genetics, pathology)
- Micrognathism
(genetics, pathology)
- Neck
(abnormalities, pathology)
- Neurilemmoma
(genetics, pathology)
- Phenotype
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- SMARCB1 Protein
(genetics)
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