Myocardial
fibrosis plays a central role in the development of
heart failure. It has been shown that recurrent exposure to subclinical
lipopolysaccharide (LPS) increases mortality and induces cardiac
fibrosis in mice, which is not mediated by the common renin-angiotensin system. LPS increased
NADPH oxidase2 (NOX2) in isolated adult mouse cardiac fibroblasts and NOX2 may mediate LPS-induced cardiac
fibrosis. Therefore, the current study was designed to delineate the role of NOX2 in LPS-induced
fibrosis model and to investigate the preventive role of
Tanshinone IIA (TIIA) on the development of cardiac
fibrosis. The protective mechanism of TIIA was determined to be associated with the inhibition of NOX2, by comparing its effects with the
NADPH oxidase inhibitor,
apocynin. The results revealed remarkable effects of
apocynin and TIIA on attenuating the development of myocardial
fibrosis and
fibrosis-related genes and mediators. Furthermore, TIIA and
apocynin decreased the expression of
NADPH oxidase subunits (NOX2 and
P67phox) expression and the ROS levels. The anti-fibrotic effect of
apocynin suggested that NOX2 inhibition may be a potential preventive strategy for attenuating the progression of LPS-induced cardiac
fibrosis. Our results demonstrate that TIIA may be a potent agent against subclinical LPS-induced cardiac
fibrosis in mice partially via inhibition of
NADPH oxidase 2.