Abstract | OBJECTIVES: There is limited published research studying the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on surgical site infection (SSI) in dermatological surgery, and there is no consensus for its use in higher-risk cases. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a single oral preoperative 2 g dose of cephalexin in preventing SSI following flap and graft dermatological closures on the nose and ear. DESIGN: Prospective double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trial testing for difference in infection rates. SETTING: Primary care skin cancer clinics in North Queensland, Australia, were randomised to 2 g oral cephalexin or placebo 40-60 min prior to skin incision. PARTICIPANTS: 154 consecutive eligible patients booked for flap or graft closure following skin cancer excision on the ear and nose. INTERVENTION: 2 g dose of cephalexin administered 40-60 min prior to surgery. RESULTS: Overall 8/69 (11.6%) controls and 1/73 (1.4%) in the intervention group developed SSI (p=0.015; absolute SSI reduction 10.2%; number needed to treat (NNT) for benefit 9.8, 95% CI 5.5 to 45.5). In males, 7/44 controls and 0/33 in the intervention group developed SSI (p=0.018; absolute SSI reduction 15.9%; NNT for benefit 6.3, 95% CI 3.8 to 19.2). SSI was much lower in female controls (1/25) and antibiotic prophylaxis did not further reduce this (p=1.0). There was no difference between the study groups in adverse symptoms attributable to high-dose antibiotic administration (p=0.871). CONCLUSION: A single oral 2 g dose of cephalexin given before complex skin closure on the nose and ear reduced SSI. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ANZCTR 365115; Post-results.
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Authors | Helena Rosengren, Clare F Heal, Petra G Buttner |
Journal | BMJ open
(BMJ Open)
Vol. 8
Issue 4
Pg. e020213
(04 19 2018)
ISSN: 2044-6055 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 29674370
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. |
Chemical References |
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Topics |
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
(administration & dosage)
- Antibiotic Prophylaxis
- Australia
- Dermatologic Surgical Procedures
(adverse effects)
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Nose
(surgery)
- Prospective Studies
- Queensland
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Surgical Wound Infection
(prevention & control)
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