MicroRNAs are important determinants of gene expression via post-transcriptional control of the
protein levels of their
mRNA targets. MicroRNA-134 (miR-134) has emerged as an important brain-specific
microRNA which has been implicated in the control of dendritic spine morphology, neuronal differentiation and apoptosis. Here we show that Tubby-like
protein 1 (Tulp1) is a target of miR-134. Tulp1
protein showed a similar cellular distribution pattern in the hippocampus to miR-134 and displayed an inverse expression pattern in the mouse retina. Bioinformatics analyses identified a conserved miR-134 binding site in the
3' untranslated region of both mouse and human Tulp1 and
luciferase reporter assays confirmed miR-134 targets Tulp1 in vitro. Induction of prolonged
seizures in mice resulted in upregulation of miR-134 and downregulation of
protein levels of Tulp1 which were reversed in animals injected with
locked nucleic acid-modified
antagomirs targeting miR-134. Finally, knockdown of Tulp1 in human neurons caused an increase in vulnerability to excitotoxicity. These data identify Tulp1/TULP1 as a novel target of miR-134, which may contribute to underlying pathomechanisms in
epilepsy.