The
chromosomal translocation t(7;11)(p15;p15) and the resulting
nucleoporin 98-homeobox A9 (NUP98-HOXA9) gene fusion is rare but recurrent genetic abnormity in
acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The present study describes a case of AML plus maturation (-M2) with multilineage dyspoiesis in a 30-year-old male in whom a 46,XY,t(7;11)(p15;p15) karyotype was detected through chromosome analysis. Subsequent molecular and sequencing analysis demonstrated a NUP98-HOXA9 fusion gene with a type I fusion between
NUP98 exon 12 and HOXA9 exon 1b, and mutations in
neuroblastoma V-Ras oncogene homolog and
Wilms tumor 1. The patient achieved hematological complete remission (CR) following two courses of
induction chemotherapy. However, the NUP98-HOXA9 fusion gene remained detectable during the hematological CR period and following intensive
consolidation chemotherapy. The disease relapsed 11 months after diagnosis, and the patient became refractory, with complications from an
infection causing eventual mortality. The present case and literature review suggest that patients with AML and t(7;11) may have unique
biological and clinical characteristics, and a poor prognosis.