Dietary cyanidin 3-glucoside from purple corn ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice.

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS:

Anthracyclines are effective anticancer drugs that have improved prognosis of hundred thousand cancer patients worldwide and are currently the most common chemotherapeutic agents used for the treatment of blood, breast, ovarian and lung cancers. However, their use is limited because of a cumulative dose-dependent and irreversible cardiotoxicity that can cause progressive cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure. Aim of the present study was to determine the cardioprotective activity of a dietary source of cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G), such as purple corn, against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity in mice.

METHODS AND RESULTS:

In vitro studies on murine HL-1 cardiomyocytes showed that pretreatment with both pure C3G and purple corn extract improved survival upon DOX treatment. However, C3G and purple corn extract did not affect the cytotoxic effect of DOX on human cancer cell lines. We then validated in vivo the protective role of a C3G-enriched diet against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by comparing the effect of dietary consumption of corn isogenic lines with high levels of anthocyanins (purple corn - Red diet - RD) or without anthocyanins (yellow corn - Yellow diet - YD) incorporated in standard rodent diets. Results showed that mice fed RD survived longer than mice fed YD upon injection of a toxic amount of DOX. In addition, ultrastructural analysis of hearts from mice fed RD showed reduced histopathological alterations.

CONCLUSION:

Dietary intake of C3G from purple corn protects mice against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.

• Authors: K Petroni, M Trinei, M Fornari, V Calvenzani, A Marinelli, L A Micheli, R Pilu, A Matros, H-P Mock, C Tonelli, M Giorgio
• Journal: Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD (Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis) Vol. 27 Issue 5 Pg. 462-469 (May 2017) ISSN: 1590-3729 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 28428026 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2017 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Anthocyanins
• Glucosides
• Plant Extracts
• Protective Agents
• cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside
• Doxorubicin

Topics

• Animal Feed
• Animals
• Anthocyanins (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Cardiotoxicity
• Cell Survival (drug effects)
• Cytoprotection
• Diet
• Disease Models, Animal
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Doxorubicin
• Female
• Gene Expression Regulation
• Glucosides (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• HeLa Cells
• Heart Diseases (chemically induced, metabolism, pathology, prevention & control)
• Humans
• MCF-7 Cells
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Myocytes, Cardiac (drug effects, metabolism, pathology)
• Phytotherapy
• Plant Extracts (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Plants, Medicinal
• Protective Agents (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Time Factors
• Zea mays (chemistry)