Abstract |
Immunotoxins are a novel class of cancer therapeutics that contains a cytotoxic agent fused to a targeting moiety. Various toxic agents from different sources are used in immunotoxin development, including bacterial, plant and human origin cytotoxic elements. Although bacterial and plant-derived toxins are highly toxic and commonly used in immunotoxins, their immunogenicity for human restricted their application in cancer therapy. Here, we discuss the advantages and limitations of bacterial toxins such as Pseudomonas and Diphtheria toxins, plant toxins such as ricin and gelonin, and some endogenous protein of human origin such as RNases and Granzymes. This article will also review different generations of immunotoxins with special focus on immunotoxins which are under clinical trials or approved for clinical use. Finally, current deimmunization strategies for development of new less-immunogenic recombinant immunotoxins will be discussed. ABBREVIATIONS:
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Authors | Bahman Akbari, Safar Farajnia, Shiva Ahdi Khosroshahi, Fatemeh Safari, Mohammadreza Yousefi, Hassan Dariushnejad, Leila Rahbarnia |
Journal | International reviews of immunology
(Int Rev Immunol)
Vol. 36
Issue 4
Pg. 207-219
(07 04 2017)
ISSN: 1563-5244 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 28282218
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
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Chemical References |
- Antineoplastic Agents
- Diphtheria Toxin
- Immunotoxins
- Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1
- GEL protein, Gelonium multiflorum
- Ricin
- Ribonucleases
- Granzymes
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Topics |
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents
(therapeutic use)
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Desensitization, Immunologic
- Diphtheria Toxin
(therapeutic use)
- Granzymes
(therapeutic use)
- Humans
- Immunotherapy
(methods)
- Immunotoxins
(therapeutic use)
- Mice
- Neoplasms
(immunology, therapy)
- Ribonucleases
(therapeutic use)
- Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1
(therapeutic use)
- Ricin
(therapeutic use)
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