Inflammatory Function of CX3CR1+ CD8+ T Cells in Treated HIV Infection Is Modulated by Platelet Interactions.

Abstract

Increases in inflammation, coagulation, and CD8+ T-cell numbers are associated with an elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected antiretroviral therapy (ART) recipients. Circulating memory CD8+ T cells that express the vascular endothelium-homing receptor CX3CR1 (fractalkine receptor) are enriched in HIV-infected ART recipients. Thrombin-activated receptor (PAR-1) expression is increased in HIV-infected ART recipients and is particularly elevated on CX3CR1+ CD8+ T cells, suggesting that these cells could interact with coagulation elements. Indeed, thrombin directly enhanced T-cell receptor-mediated interferon γ production by purified CD8+ T cells but was attenuated by thrombin-induced release of transforming growth factor β by platelets. We have therefore identified a population of circulating memory CD8+ T cells in HIV infection that may home to endothelium, can be activated by clot-forming elements, and are susceptible to platelet-mediated regulation. Complex interactions between inflammatory elements and coagulation at endothelial surfaces may play an important role in CVD risk in HIV-infected ART recipients.

• Authors: Joseph C Mudd, Soumya Panigrahi, Benjamin Kyi, So Hee Moon, Maura M Manion, Souheil-Antoine Younes, Scott F Sieg, Nicholas T Funderburg, David A Zidar, Michael M Lederman, Michael L Freeman
• Journal: The Journal of infectious diseases (J Infect Dis) Vol. 214 Issue 12 Pg. 1808-1816 (Dec 15 2016) ISSN: 1537-6613 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 27703039 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail [email protected].

Chemical References

• CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1
• CX3CR1 protein, human
• Receptors, Chemokine
• Transforming Growth Factor beta

Topics

• Blood Platelets (metabolism)
• CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes (chemistry, drug effects, immunology)
• CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1
• HIV Infections (immunology, pathology)
• Humans
• Receptors, Chemokine (analysis)
• T-Lymphocyte Subsets (chemistry, drug effects, immunology)
• Transforming Growth Factor beta (metabolism)